单选题We are looking for a Principal Economist, who as well as advising managers and board members on environmental economic policy matters, will develop policy relating to cost benefit analysis at the upcoming review and beyond.A The Principal Economist wil
题目
The Principal Economist will become a board member.
The Principal Economist will deal with environmental matters.
The Principal Economist’s major responsibility is to make certain policy.
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第1题：
-Can you tell us why you think this makes good business sense to you? -We've been doing quite well on our own and we could probably survive like this for quite a few more years to come, but if we really want to take it to the next level, ____________.
：A the board of directors needn't take the present economic situation into consideration ;
B it's not necessary for us to develop the company any more ;
C we are going to have to consider finding more investors
参考答案:C
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第2题：
An example of scope verification is __(73)__ .
A.review the performance of an installed software module
B.managing changes to the project schedule
C.decomposing the WBS to a work package level
D.performing a benefit/cost analysis to determine if we should proceed with the project
正确答案：A
评价一个已安装的软件模块的性能属于范围确认的范畴，其他三项都与范围确认没有直接关系。 -
第3题：
The Company should ensure that the Safety and Environmental Protection policy is implemented and maintained ______．
A.at the level of ship based organization
B.at the level of shore based organization
C.at all levels of the organization both ship based as well as shore based
D.at highest level of the organization
正确答案：C
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第4题：
The journal Science is adding an extra round of statistical checks to its peer-review process,editor-in-chief Marcia McNutt announced today.The policy follows similar efforts from other journals,after widespread concern that basic mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the irreproducibility of many published research findings.“Readers must have confidence in the conclusions published in our journal,”writes McNutt in an editorial.Working with the American Statistical Association,the journal has appointed seven experts to a statistics board of reviewing editors（SBoRE）.Manuscript will be flagged up for additional scrutiny by the journal’s internal editors,or by its existing Board of Reviewing Editors or by outside peer reviewers.The SBoRE panel will then find external statisticians to review these manuscripts.Asked whether any particular papers had impelled the change,McNutt said:“The creation of the‘statistics board’was motivated by concerns broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis in scientific research and is part of?Science’s overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish.”Giovanni Parmigiani,a biostatistician at the Harvard School of Public Health,a member of the SBoRE group.He says he expects the board to“play primarily an advisory role.”He agreed to join because he“found the foresight behind the establishment of the SBoRE to be novel,unique and likely to have a lasting impact.This impact will not only be through the publications in Science itself,but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approach after Science.”John Ioannidis,a physician who studies research methodology,says that the policy is“a most welcome step forward”and“long overdue.”“Most journals are weak in statistical review,and this damages the quality of what they publish.I think that,for the majority of scientific papers nowadays,statistical review is more essential than expert review,”he says.But he noted that biomedical journals such as Annals of Internal Medicine,the Journal of the American Medical Association and The Lancet pay strong attention to statistical review.Professional scientists are expected to know how to analyze data,but statistical errors are alarmingly common in published research,according to David Vaux,a cell biologist.Researchers should improve their standards,he wrote in 2012,but journals should also take a tougher line,“engaging reviewers who are statistically literate and editors who can verify the process”.Vaux says that Science’s idea to pass some papers to statisticians“has some merit,but a weakness is that it relies on the board of reviewing editors to identify‘the papers that need scrutiny’in the first place”.
Which of the following is the best title of the text?A.Science Joins Push to Screen Statistics in Papers.
B.Professional Statisticians Deserve More Respect
C.Data Analysis Finds Its Way onto Editors’Desks
D.Statisticians Are Coming Back with Science答案：A解析：主旨大意文章第一段由Science将增加statistical checks引出话题，接下来各段就此问题McNutt,Giovanni Parmigianni,John Ioannidis,David Vaux提出各自的看法。文中statistical，papers反复提及，可知该词是文中核心词。选项B和选项D首先排除，偏离主题，statisticians仅在文中提及，非重点讨论内容；选项C与文中主题相差较大，因此排除。 -
第5题：
The journal Science is adding an extra round of statistical checks to its peer-review process,editor-in-chief Marcia McNutt announced today.The policy follows similar efforts from other journals,after widespread concern that basic mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the irreproducibility of many published research findings.
“Readers must have confidence in the conclusions published in our journal,”writes McNutt in an editorial.Working with the American Statistical Association,the journal has appointed seven experts to a statistics board of reviewing editors（SBoRE）.Manuscript will be flagged up for additional scrutiny by the journal’s internal editors,or by its existing Board of Reviewing Editors or by outside peer reviewers.The SBoRE panel will then find external statisticians to review these manuscripts.
Asked whether any particular papers had impelled the change,McNutt said:“The creation of the‘statistics board’was motivated by concerns broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis in scientific research and is part of?Science’s overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish.”
Giovanni Parmigiani,a biostatistician at the Harvard School of Public Health,a member of the SBoRE group.He says he expects the board to“play primarily an advisory role.”He agreed to join because he“found the foresight behind the establishment of the SBoRE to be novel,unique and likely to have a lasting impact.This impact will not only be through the publications in Science itself,but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approach after Science.”
John Ioannidis,a physician who studies research methodology,says that the policy is“a most welcome step forward”and“long overdue.”“Most journals are weak in statistical review,and this damages the quality of what they publish.I think that,for the majority of scientific papers nowadays,statistical review is more essential than expert review,”he says.But he noted that biomedical journals such as Annals of Internal Medicine,the Journal of the American Medical Association and The Lancet pay strong attention to statistical review.
Professional scientists are expected to know how to analyze data,but statistical errors are alarmingly common in published research,according to David Vaux,a cell biologist.Researchers should improve their standards,he wrote in 2012,but journals should also take a tougher line,“engaging reviewers who are statistically literate and editors who can verify the process”.Vaux says that Science’s idea to pass some papers to statisticians“has some merit,but a weakness is that it relies on the board of reviewing editors to identify‘the papers that need scrutiny’in the first place”.
It can be learned from Paragraph 1 thatA.Science intends to simplify their peer-review process.
B.journals are strengthening their statistical checks.
C.few journals are blamed for mistakes in data analysis.
D.lack of data analysis is common in research projects.答案：B解析：根据题干直接定位到第一段。解题关键在于第二句The policy follows similar efforts from other journals（该政策效仿了其他杂志类似的做法），the policy指第一句The journalScience is adding an extra round of statistical checks to its peer-review process,（《科学》杂志把统计检查额外添加到它的同行评审过程中），由此可直接推断出正确答案为选项B journals -
第6题：
They agreed to modify their policy.A:clarify
B:change
C:define
D:develop答案：B解析： -
第7题：
An example of scope verification is （ ）.A.review the performance of an installed software module
B.managing changes to the project schedule
C.decomposing the WBS to a work package level
D.performing a benefit/cost analysis to determine if we should proceeD.with the project答案：A解析：范围验证的一个示例是查看已安装的软件模块的性能。A．查看已安装的软件模块的性能 B．项目进度变更管理 C．分解到工作包级别WBS D．执行成本／效益分析，以确定是否我们应该继续进行项目 -
第8题：
An example of scope verification is （）.
- A、review the performance ofan installed software module
- B、managing changes to the project schedule
- C、decomposing the WBS to a work package level
- D、performing a benefit/cost analysis to determine if we should proceed with the project
正确答案:A -
第9题：
经济政策（economic policy）
正确答案:是指国家或政府根据特定的客观经济发展问题和经济规律的基本要求，对经济行为进行规范、引导、激励、约束的规定与工具。 -
第10题：
单选题最基本的保护层是油漆。（）AThe principal protective coating is paint.
BThe principal protective coating is cement wash.
CThe principal protective coating is bitumen.
DThe principal protective coating is varnish.
正确答案： B解析： 暂无解析 -
第11题：
问答题Practice 7 There have been differences among most presidents’ advisers ever since. Thomas Jefferson was accused of relying on an “invisible, inscrutable” group of associates that engaged In backstairs influence. Franklin Roosevelt managed to be a pretty good resident, though even his idolatrous supporters concede that he took his advice from inside and outside the White House and even took a mischievous delight in playing one staff or cabinet member against another. Ike followed the military staff system. He did not spend hours listening to the disputes of his principal aides, but gave Sherman Adams and later General Bedell Smith authority and responsibility for settling differences. When his chief of staff could not settle differences, he insisted on a one-page memorandum defining the problem, no matter how complicated, and then made his decision. Harry Truman did not believe in the single chief of staff. He had six principal advisers with whom he met every morning. At the end of the day, he would have a little bourbon and branch-water with one of them in the Oval Office, then would take a bundle of papers upstairs, put on his green eyeshade and read reports until late in the night. John F. Kennedy followed much the same system with his brother Robert, Larry O’Brlen, Kenny O’Donnell and Ted Sorensen at his side, though their assignments were not limited as rigidly as those of the Truman advisers. Lyndon Johnson did not invite criticism or differences which his staff or cabinet, but bullied his advisers into compliance, which helps explain his troubles in Vietnam. Richard Nixon ran his staff by stealth. He did his homework and mastered the details of policy, but he delegated vast powers to Bob Haldeman and John Ehrlichman in an atmosphere of Byzantine secrecy and intrigue. Jimmy Carter had his troubles between his White House staff and his cabinet, particularly over the conduct of foreign policy. But his White House staff was drawn from a group of Georgia friends who got along with one another comparatively well. He met with the principal members every morning, held a foreign policy meeting often for hours every Friday morning, invited, and listened to disputes, sometimes over the most intricate details of policy. Mr. Reagan’s way is a reflection of his character and his personality. He is more interested in, presenting policy than forming it. He does not have a controlling chief of staff; he does not limit his principal advisers to a special field of concentration like Mr. Truman, but lets the Big Four—Mr. Baker, Mr. Clark, Michael Deaver and Edwin Meese play the field and run across one another; he does not dominate or intimidate his staff, like Mr. Johnson; and he does not read and work like Mr. Carter.正确答案：
【参考译文】
自从有人指责托马斯·杰弗逊依靠一帮“看不见、摸不透”、专搞“幕后活动”的幕僚以来,美国几乎所有总统的幕僚之间都发生过一些纠葛。
富兰克林·罗斯福可算是一位相当出色的总统了,但即使那些把他当偶像崇拜的人也承认:他听取了白宫内外的意见,甚至暗中得意地挑起幕僚或阁员相互争论。
艾克则沿袭军事参谋制度。他从不多花时间去听取幕僚间的争执,而是先后授权舍曼·亚当斯和比德尔·史密斯将军负责处理分歧。他的办公室主任解决不了时,不管问题多么复杂,他一定要让他们写一份不超过一页的备忘录,明确问题所在,然后他再作定夺。
哈里·杜鲁门不喜欢单一的办公室主任制度。他有6个主要顾问,他每天上午都要跟他们相见,一天工作结束后,还与其中一位在椭圆形办公室喝一杯兑清水的波旁威士忌,然后抱起一捆卷宗上楼,戴起绿色眼罩,一直看到深夜。
约翰·弗·肯尼迪大体沿袭这一制度,伴随他的是他弟弟罗伯特、拉里·奥布赖恩、肯尼·奥唐奈和特德·索伦森,不过他们的任务不像杜鲁门的顾问那样受到严格的限制。林顿·约翰逊不鼓励批评,也不鼓励阁员或僚属内存在不同意见,而总是盛气凌人地迫使顾问们顺从他,这也是导致他在越南遇到麻烦的原因所在。
理查德·尼克松则用秘密手段操纵其幕僚。他先做好必要的准备,掌握政策细节,但却把大权交给鲍勃·霍尔德曼和约翰·埃利希曼,颇有几分古拜占庭那种阴谋诡秘的气氛。
吉米·卡特也曾碰到白宫幕僚同内阁成员不和的问题,特别是在执行外交政策方面。不过他的白宫幕僚来自于佐治亚州的一帮朋友,相处起来还比较融洽。他每天上午同主要顾问碰头,每星期五上午专开一次外交政策的会议,往往要持续几个小时,鼓励并乐于倾听不同意见的争执,有时是关于一些极为错综复杂的政策细节问题。
里根先生的工作方式反映了他的气质和个性。他对宣布政策比对制定政策兴趣更浓。他没有一位起控制作用的办公室主任,也不像杜鲁门先生那样把主要顾问一个个地限制在一个专门的领域,而是让贝克先生、克拉克先生、迈克尔·迪弗、埃德温·米斯这四大员满场跑,彼此冲撞。他既不像约翰逊先生那样控制或威吓幕僚,也不像卡特先生那样看文件、那样工作。解析： 暂无解析 -
第12题：
单选题The Company should ensure that the Safety and Environmental Protection policy is implemented and maintained（）.Aat the level of ship based organization
Bat the level of shore based organization
Cat all levels of the organization both ship based as well as shore based
Dat highest level of the organization
正确答案： D解析： 暂无解析 -
第13题：
President FranklinD. Roosevelt proposed a well－known policy called() to save the economic situation.A.the Open Door Policy
B.the New Deal
C.Good Neighbor Policy
D.the“Big Stick”
正确答案：B
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第14题：
You configure a Group Policy Object for the Marketing organizational unit (OU) to prevent users from accessing My Network Places and from running System in Control Panel. You want the Managers domain local group to be able to access My Network Places, but you still want to prevent them from running System in Control Panel.
What should you do?
A．Add the managers group to the access control list of the GPO. Disable the permission of the managers group to read and apply the group policy.
B．Add the managers group to the access control list of the GPO. Deny the permission of the managers group to read and apply the group policy.
C．Create a second GPO in the OU. Add the managers group to the access control list. Allow the managers group to apply the group policy. Deny the authenticated users group permission to read and apply group policy. Configure the new GPO to deny the ability to run System in Control Panel. Give the original GPO a higher priority than the new GPO.
D．Create a second GPO in the OU. Add the managers group to the access control list. Allow the managers group to read and apply the group policy. Disable the permission of the authenticated user group to read and apply the group policy. Configure the new GPO to allow access to My Network Places. Give the new GPO a higher priority than the original GPO.
正确答案：D
解析：Explanation:InthisscenarioweneedtocreateasecondGPOandapplyitonlytotheManagers.WemustallowaccesstoMyNetworkPlacesinthenewGPO.ThenwegivetheGPOhigherprioritythantheoriginalone.Incorrectanswers:A:WestillrequiretheoriginalGPOtoapplytothemanagers,aswewanttopreventthemfromrunningSysteminControlPanel.ThereforeweshouldnotdisablethepermissionofthemanagersgrouptoreadandapplytheGroupPolicy,asthiswillresultintheGPOnotbeingappliedtotheManagers.B:WestillrequiretheoriginalGPOtoapplytothemanagers,aswewanttopreventthemfromrunningSysteminControlPanel.ThereforeweshouldnotdenythepermissionofthemanagersgrouptoreadandapplytheGroupPolicy,asthiswillresultintheGPOnotbeingappliedtotheManagers.C:WeneedtoallowtheManagersaccesstoMyNetworkPlaces.ThatmustbeconfiguredinthesecondGPO. -
第15题：
材料：
The Company should establish a safety and environmental protection policy which describes how the objectives will be achieved．The Company should ensure that the policy is implemented and maintained at all levels of the organization both ship based as well as shore based．
If the entity who is responsible for the operation of the ship is other than the owner，the owner must report the full name and details of such entity to the Administration．The Company should define and document the responsibility，authority and interrelation of all personnel who manage，perform. and verify work relating to and affecting safety and pollution prevention．The Company is responsible for ensuring that adequate resources and shore based support are provided to enable the designated person or persons to carry out their functions． To ensure the safe operation of each ship and to provide a link between the company and those on board，every company，as appropriate，should designate a person or persons ashore having direct access to the highest level of management．
The responsibility and authority of the designated person or persons should include monitoring the safety and pollution prevention aspects of the operation of each ship and to ensure that adequate resources and shore based support are applied，as required．
The Company should clearly define and document the master&39;s responsibility with regard to：implementing the safety and environmental protection policy of the Company；motivating the crew in the observation of that policy；issuing appropriate orders and instructions in a clear and simple manner；verifying that specified requirements are observed；and reviewing the SMS and reporting its deficiencies to the shore based management．
The Company should ensure that the SMS operating on board the ship contains a clear statement emphasizing the Master&39;s authority．The Company should establish in the SMS that the master has the overriding authority and the responsibility to make decisions with respect to safety and pollution prevention and to request the Company&39;s assistance as may be necessary．
问题：
The Company should ensure that the policy is implemented and maintained at all levels of the organization both ship based as well as shore based．The ORGANIZATION refers to ________．
A.IMO
B.SMS
C.the Administration
D.the construction of the Company
The overriding authority and the responsibility to make decisions with respect to safety and pollution prevention is on the part of ________．A.th highest level of management of the Company
B.DP
C.the master of the ship
D.the owner or the entity who is responsible for the operation of the ship
________ are/is not the master's responsibility defined and documented by the Company．A.reviewing the SMS and reporting its deficiencies to the shore based management
B.motivating the crew in the observation of the safety and environmental protection policy of the Company
C.issuing appropriate orders and instructions in a clear and simple manner and verifying that specified requirements are observed
D.providing a link between the company and those on board
This passage is probably extracted from ________．A.IMDG Code
B.ISM Code
C.SOLAS
D.Marpol
请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！
问题 1 答案解析：D
问题 2 答案解析：C
问题 3 答案解析：D
问题 4 答案解析：B
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第16题：
The journal Science is adding an extra round of statistical checks to its peer-review process,editor-in-chief Marcia McNutt announced today.The policy follows similar efforts from other journals,after widespread concern that basic mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the irreproducibility of many published research findings.
“Readers must have confidence in the conclusions published in our journal,”writes McNutt in an editorial.Working with the American Statistical Association,the journal has appointed seven experts to a statistics board of reviewing editors（SBoRE）.Manuscript will be flagged up for additional scrutiny by the journal’s internal editors,or by its existing Board of Reviewing Editors or by outside peer reviewers.The SBoRE panel will then find external statisticians to review these manuscripts.
Asked whether any particular papers had impelled the change,McNutt said:“The creation of the‘statistics board’was motivated by concerns broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis in scientific research and is part of?Science’s overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish.”
Giovanni Parmigiani,a biostatistician at the Harvard School of Public Health,a member of the SBoRE group.He says he expects the board to“play primarily an advisory role.”He agreed to join because he“found the foresight behind the establishment of the SBoRE to be novel,unique and likely to have a lasting impact.This impact will not only be through the publications in Science itself,but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approach after Science.”
John Ioannidis,a physician who studies research methodology,says that the policy is“a most welcome step forward”and“long overdue.”“Most journals are weak in statistical review,and this damages the quality of what they publish.I think that,for the majority of scientific papers nowadays,statistical review is more essential than expert review,”he says.But he noted that biomedical journals such as Annals of Internal Medicine,the Journal of the American Medical Association and The Lancet pay strong attention to statistical review.
Professional scientists are expected to know how to analyze data,but statistical errors are alarmingly common in published research,according to David Vaux,a cell biologist.Researchers should improve their standards,he wrote in 2012,but journals should also take a tougher line,“engaging reviewers who are statistically literate and editors who can verify the process”.Vaux says that Science’s idea to pass some papers to statisticians“has some merit,but a weakness is that it relies on the board of reviewing editors to identify‘the papers that need scrutiny’in the first place”.
The phrase“flagged up”（Para.2）is the closest in meaning toA.found.
B.marked.
C.revised.
D.stored.答案：B解析：词义句意根据题干定位回第二段第三句Manuscript will be flagged up for additional scrutiny by the journal’s internal editors,（杂志内部编辑把需要额外审核的原稿打上标签）。本题运用代入法，把各选项代入句中替换，可知选项B marked（标记）为正确答案。选项A found（发现，找到），选项C revised（修改），选项D stored（存储）。 -
第17题：
It will take at least two weeks for the board members to review __________work on the budget proposals.A. ours
B. we
C. our
D. us答案：C解析：通过选项可以知道，此题为选择恰当的人称代词的问题。空格处为修饰作为review宾语的work的限定词的位置．选项中可以用做限定词的只有所有格。 -
第18题：
It′s bad policy for developing countries to sacrifice environmental protection to__________economic?growth.A.discourage
B.weaken
C.promote
D.create答案：C解析：【考情点拨】考查动词词义辨析。【应试指导】句意：牺牲环境保护来促进经济增长对于发展中国家来说是一项糟糕的政策。discourage使泄气；weaken削弱；promote促进;create创造。 -
第19题：
（ ） Assesses the priority of identified risks using their probability of occurring，the corresponding impact on project objectives if the risks do occur，as well as other factors such as the time frame and risk tolerance of the project constraints of cost，schedule，scope，and quality.A.Quantitative Risk Analysis
B.Qualitative Risk Analysis
C.Enterprise Environmental Factors
D.Risk Management Plan答案：B解析：翻译：（71）利用风险发生概率、风险一旦发生对项目产生的影响以及其他因素（如时间框架和项目制约条件，即成本、进度、范围、质量的风险承受度水平），对已识别风险进行优先级的评估。A．定量风险分析 B．定性风险分析 C．企业环境因素 D．风险管理计划 -
第20题：
最基本的保护层是油漆。（）
- A、The principal protective coating is paint.
- B、The principal protective coating is cement wash.
- C、The principal protective coating is bitumen.
- D、The principal protective coating is varnish.
正确答案:A -
第21题：
单选题An example of scope verification is （）.Areview the performance ofan installed software module
Bmanaging changes to the project schedule
Cdecomposing the WBS to a work package level
Dperforming a benefit/cost analysis to determine if we should proceed with the project
正确答案： A解析： 暂无解析 -
第22题：
名词解释题经济政策（economic policy）正确答案： 是指国家或政府根据特定的客观经济发展问题和经济规律的基本要求，对经济行为进行规范、引导、激励、约束的规定与工具。解析： 暂无解析 -
第23题：
问答题Practice 7 ● You are the Manager of the Marketing and Sales Department of a Computer Manufacturing Firm. The Managing Director has asked you to prepare a proposal for sales promotion of the new product—computer PC06. ● Write a proposal for the Managing Director: ● giving the reasons for writing the proposal ● suggesting the principal strategy for the proposed promotional activities ● giving the categories of promotional activity that the policy should cover ● explaining the promotional activities will be within the total proposed budget and benefit the promotional activities would bring. ● Write 200-250 words on the separate answer paper provided.正确答案： 【参考范文】
Proposal for sales promotion of the new product (computer PC06) According to your request in your memo of 26 June, I am sending to you my proposal for sales promotion activities for the new product—Computer PC 06.
It is already agreed that since our prime prospects are to be found in the professions, the industry trade, and other administrative organizations, our advertising campaign will be targeted at this market segment instead of the mass consumer.
Therefore, the principal strategy for our promotional activities will be to offer our authorized dealers an effective stimulus and support. But we are not supposed to ignore the potential effect of a well-planned promotional policy including retail outlet displays.
So the categories of promotional activity our policy needs to cover are as what follows:
1. Promotional literature
2. Trade promotions
3. Point-of-sale display
4. Financial incentives for the consumer
5. Brand image
6. Consumer services
We trust the following specific promotional activities will be within the total proposed budget and the allocation of that for each item will be made accordingly:
1. Special discount will be offered to retailer and dealers who order large quantities of goods on consignment.
2. Product brochures and product line catalogues will be available to potential customers upon request.
3. There will be free trial periods of 7-10 days for potential customers.
4. Good after-sales service will be provided.
It is likely that the cumulative effect of the above promotional activities and the advertising campaign will encourage public recognition of the new product—Computer PC 06. We are looking forward to discussing with you about these recommendations.解析： 暂无解析