共用题干 Homosexuals（同性恋者）Many homosexuals prefer to be called gay or,for woman,lesbian.Most of them live quiet lives just______(51)anyone else.Some gay people have always raised children,______(52)or with partners,and the use of artificial insemination（人工受精）

请阅读Passage 2，完成第小题。
Passage 2
NBA centre Jason Collins recently announced he was gay in a cover story for Sports
Illustrated. In other words, he"came out of the closet." This expression for revealing one's homosexuality may seem natural. Being in the closet implies hiding from the outside world, and the act of coming out of it implies the will to stop hiding. But though the closet has long been a metaphor for privacy or secrecy, its use with reference to homosexuality is relatively recent.
According to George Chauncey's comprehensive history of modern gay culture, Gay New York, the closet metaphor was not used by gay people until the 1960s. Before then, it doesn't appear anywhere"in the records of the gay movement or in the novels, diaries, or letters of gay men and lesbians."
"Coming out," however, has long been used in the gay community, but it first meant something different than it does now."A gay man's coming out originally referred to his being formally presented to the largest collective manifestation of prewar gay society, the enormous drag balls that were patterned on the debutante and masquerade balls of the dominant culture and were regularly held in New York, Chicago, New Orleans, Baltimore, and other cities." The phrase"coming out" did not refer to coming out of hiding, but to joining into a society of peers. The phrase was borrowed from the world of debutante balls, where young women"came out" in being officially
introduced to society.
The gay debutante balls were a matter of public record and often covered in the newspaper, so"coming out" within gay society often meant revealing your sexual orientation in the wider society as well, but the phrase didn't necessarily carry the implication that if you hadn't yet come out, you were keeping it a secret. There were other metaphors for the act of hiding or revealing homosexuality. Gay people could "wear a mask" or "take off the mask". A man could "wear his hair up" or "let his hair down", or "drop hairpins" that would only be recognized by other gay men.
It is unclear exactly when gay people started using the closet metaphor, but "it may have been used initially because many men who remained 'covert' thought of their homosexuality as a sort of'skeleton in the closet'." It may also have come from outsiders who viewed it that way. It seems that"coming out of the closet" was born as a mixture of two metaphors: a debutante proudly stepping into the arms of a community and a shocking secret being kept in hiding. Now. the community is the wider community, and the secret is no longer shocking,"Coming out" is a useful phrase, but it need not imply a closet.

Why did "come out of the closet" seem natural when refers to revealing one's
homosexuality?
查看材料

A．Because homosexual couples live in a place named Closet.
B．Because both the closet and homosexuality mean privacy.
C．Because Jason Collins has refrained from NBA.
D．Because people always use "closet" to refer to homosexuality.

请阅读Passage 2，完成第小题。
Passage 2
NBA centre Jason Collins recently announced he was gay in a cover story for Sports
Illustrated. In other words, he"came out of the closet." This expression for revealing one's homosexuality may seem natural. Being in the closet implies hiding from the outside world, and the act of coming out of it implies the will to stop hiding. But though the closet has long been a metaphor for privacy or secrecy, its use with reference to homosexuality is relatively recent.
According to George Chauncey's comprehensive history of modern gay culture, Gay New York, the closet metaphor was not used by gay people until the 1960s. Before then, it doesn't appear anywhere"in the records of the gay movement or in the novels, diaries, or letters of gay men and lesbians."
"Coming out," however, has long been used in the gay community, but it first meant something different than it does now."A gay man's coming out originally referred to his being formally presented to the largest collective manifestation of prewar gay society, the enormous drag balls that were patterned on the debutante and masquerade balls of the dominant culture and were regularly held in New York, Chicago, New Orleans, Baltimore, and other cities." The phrase"coming out" did not refer to coming out of hiding, but to joining into a society of peers. The phrase was borrowed from the world of debutante balls, where young women"came out" in being officially
introduced to society.
The gay debutante balls were a matter of public record and often covered in the newspaper, so"coming out" within gay society often meant revealing your sexual orientation in the wider society as well, but the phrase didn't necessarily carry the implication that if you hadn't yet come out, you were keeping it a secret. There were other metaphors for the act of hiding or revealing homosexuality. Gay people could "wear a mask" or "take off the mask". A man could "wear his hair up" or "let his hair down", or "drop hairpins" that would only be recognized by other gay men.
It is unclear exactly when gay people started using the closet metaphor, but "it may have been used initially because many men who remained 'covert' thought of their homosexuality as a sort of'skeleton in the closet'." It may also have come from outsiders who viewed it that way. It seems that"coming out of the closet" was born as a mixture of two metaphors: a debutante proudly stepping into the arms of a community and a shocking secret being kept in hiding. Now. the community is the wider community, and the secret is no longer shocking,"Coming out" is a useful phrase, but it need not imply a closet.

What does "take off the mask" mean among gay people?
查看材料

A．To show he is homosexual.
B．To hide his homosexuality.
C．It means that he wants to change his sexual orientation.
D．It means that he doesn't want to be homosexual.

共用题干
Step Back in Time
Do you know that we live a lot longer now than the people who were born before us?One hundred years ago the average woman lived to be 45.But now,she can live until at least 80.
One of the main reasons for people living longer is that we know how to look after ourselves better.We know which foods are good for us and what we have to eat to make sure our bodies get all the healthy things they need.We know why we sometimes get ill and what to do to get better again.And we know how important it is to do lots of exercise to keep our hearts beating healthily.
But in order that we don't slip back into bad habits,let's have a look at what life was 100 years ago
Families had between 15 and 20 children,although many babies didn't live long.from lots of diseases , especially rickets (佝偻病）and scurvy（坏血病）,which are bot diets.This is because many families were very poor and not able to feed their children well.
Really poor families who lived in crowded cities like London and Manchester often slept standing up,bending over a piece of string,because there was no room for them to lie down.
People didn't have fridges until the 1920s.They kept fresh food cold by storing it on windowsills（窗台板）,blocks of ice,or even burying it in the garden.
Some children had to start work at the age of seven or eight to earn money for their pai lived 100 years ago,you might well be selling matchsticks（火柴杆）(a job done by many children）or working with your dad by now.

People in the past preferred standing up to lying down when sleeping.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

共用题干
Step Back in Time
Do you know that we live a lot longer now than the people who were born before us?One hundred years ago the average woman lived to be 45.But now,she can live until at least 80.
One of the main reasons for people living longer is that we know how to look after ourselves better.We know which foods are good for us and what we have to eat to make sure our bodies get all the healthy things they need.We know why we sometimes get ill and what to do to get better again.And we know how important it is to do lots of exercise to keep our hearts beating healthily.
But in order that we don't slip back into bad habits,let's have a look at what life was 100 years ago
Families had between 15 and 20 children,although many babies didn't live long.from lots of diseases , especially rickets (佝偻病）and scurvy（坏血病）,which are bot diets.This is because many families were very poor and not able to feed their children well.
Really poor families who lived in crowded cities like London and Manchester often slept standing up,bending over a piece of string,because there was no room for them to lie down.
People didn't have fridges until the 1920s.They kept fresh food cold by storing it on windowsills（窗台板）,blocks of ice,or even burying it in the garden.
Some children had to start work at the age of seven or eight to earn money for their pai lived 100 years ago,you might well be selling matchsticks（火柴杆）(a job done by many children）or working with your dad by now.

People now enjoy longer lives for unknown reasons.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

共用题干
Step Back in Time Do you know that we live a lot longer now than the people who were born before us?One hundred years ago the average woman lived to be 45 .But now,she can live until at least 80. One of the main reasons for people living longer is that we know how to look after ourselves better. We know which foods are good for US and what we have to eat to make sure our bodies get all the healthy things they need.We know why we sometimes get ill and what to do to get better a-gain .And we know how important it is to do lots of exercise to keep our hearts beating healthily. But in order that we don't slip back into bad habits,let's have a look at what life was like 100 years ago. Families had between 15 and 20 children,although many babies didn't live long. Children suffered from lots of diseases, especially rickets (佝偻病）and scurvy（坏血病）,which are both caused by bad diets.This is because many families were very poor and not able to feed their chil-dren well. Really poor families who lived in crowded cities like London and Manchester often slept standing up,bending over a piece of string,because there was no room for them to lie down. People didn't have fridges until the 1920s.They kept fresh food cold by storing it on window-sills（窗台板）,blocks of ice , or even burying it in the garden. Some children had to start work at the age of seven or eight to earn money for their parents. If you had lived 100 years ago, you might well be selling matchsticks（火柴杆）(a job done by many children) or working with your dad by now.

People now enjoy longer lives for unknown reasons.
A: Right
B:Wrong
C: Not mentioned

共用题干
Step Back in Time
Do you know that we live a lot longer now than the people who were born before us?One hundred years ago the average woman lived to be 45.But now,she can live until at least 80.
One of the main reasons for people living longer is that we know how to look after ourselves better.We know which foods are good for us and what we have to eat to make sure our bodies get all the healthy things they need.We know why we sometimes get ill and what to do to get better again.And we know how important it is to do lots of exercise to keep our hearts beating healthily.
But in order that we don't slip back into bad habits,let's have a look at what life was 100 years ago
Families had between 15 and 20 children,although many babies didn't live long.from lots of diseases , especially rickets (佝偻病）and scurvy（坏血病）,which are bot diets.This is because many families were very poor and not able to feed their children well.
Really poor families who lived in crowded cities like London and Manchester often slept standing up,bending over a piece of string,because there was no room for them to lie down.
People didn't have fridges until the 1920s.They kept fresh food cold by storing it on windowsills（窗台板）,blocks of ice,or even burying it in the garden.
Some children had to start work at the age of seven or eight to earn money for their pai lived 100 years ago,you might well be selling matchsticks（火柴杆）(a job done by many children）or working with your dad by now.

A hundred years ago many kids died at an early age.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

共用题干
Women with AIDS
For a long time women with HIV were ignored because the focus was totally on HIV men.The gay community was very much in sight and vocal and successfully got support for its cause.Now we are rapidly approaching the point where about one half of all AIDS cases in the world are women .But no one is taking this dangerously high level of infection among women seriously enough.
Women usually have a worse time dealing with HIV than men do.In most cases,the woman is taking care of children as well as her sick partner. She may not even have time to take care of her-self. The HIV- positive woman ends up shouldering the family as well as her own personal prob- lems.Men,however,are usually the ones who have insurance income and access to doctors.They get care.Women often do not.
The discrimination against HIV-positive women is simply terrible.They are likely to be more inactive than men in home and workplace because too many people think that women are the cause of the discase .This is not at all true.They get it from a man.They don't just simply have HIV.Of cause,there's a social discrimination against all people with HIV.They are scared that other peo- ple will know they are HIV-positive and that they will,therefore be discriminated against.For ex-ample,it's very difficult for people with HIV to travel.They are not allowed to enter many coun- tries,including the United States,China and Russia.
The biggest difficulty an HIV-positive woman must face is the isolation.Once the woman knows she's HIV-positive,she lives in fear that other people will find out. She's so frightened she will go into hiding,into an isolated place by herself. It's not at all uncommon to meet a woman who has been HIV-positive for nearly 10 years and has never told anyone,except her doctor. And the resulting stress is enough to make her sick.But HIV-positive women who get support,who can discuss their trouble and then do something about it-whether that means taking better care of them-selves or going to the United Nations to struggle for their rights-are likely to live longer. Active women don't die out of shame in a corner. This happens to too many HIV-positive women.

Active women with AIDS tend live longer.
A: Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned

共用题干
Women with AIDS
For a long time women with HIV were ignored because the focus was totally on HIV men.The gay community was very much in sight and vocal and successfully got support for its cause.Now we are rapidly approaching the point where about one half of all AIDS cases in the world are women .But no one is taking this dangerously high level of infection among women seriously enough.
Women usually have a worse time dealing with HIV than men do.In most cases,the woman is taking care of children as well as her sick partner. She may not even have time to take care of her-self. The HIV- positive woman ends up shouldering the family as well as her own personal prob- lems.Men,however,are usually the ones who have insurance income and access to doctors.They get care.Women often do not.
The discrimination against HIV-positive women is simply terrible.They are likely to be more inactive than men in home and workplace because too many people think that women are the cause of the discase .This is not at all true.They get it from a man.They don't just simply have HIV.Of cause,there's a social discrimination against all people with HIV.They are scared that other peo- ple will know they are HIV-positive and that they will,therefore be discriminated against.For ex-ample,it's very difficult for people with HIV to travel.They are not allowed to enter many coun- tries,including the United States,China and Russia.
The biggest difficulty an HIV-positive woman must face is the isolation.Once the woman knows she's HIV-positive,she lives in fear that other people will find out. She's so frightened she will go into hiding,into an isolated place by herself. It's not at all uncommon to meet a woman who has been HIV-positive for nearly 10 years and has never told anyone,except her doctor. And the resulting stress is enough to make her sick.But HIV-positive women who get support,who can discuss their trouble and then do something about it-whether that means taking better care of them-selves or going to the United Nations to struggle for their rights-are likely to live longer. Active women don't die out of shame in a corner. This happens to too many HIV-positive women.

A: Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned

共用题干
Homosexuals

Many homosexuals prefer to be called gay or,for women,lesbian.Most of them live quiet lives just
________(51)anyone else.Some gay people have always raised children,________(52)or with partners,
and the use of artificial insemination is increasing among lesbians.
Gay people are in every kind of job.Some are very open about their homosexuality,and some are more
private.Some________(53)their sexual orientation as a biological given and others as a choice.For those
women who see it as a choice,one reason often given is the inequality in most heterosexual relationships.
Homosexuality has been common in most cultures throughout history and generally________(54).As a
result,homosexual activity became a crime,________(55)which the penalty in early courts was death.
Homosexual behavior is still________(56)in many countries and U.S.states.
Homosexuality later came to be viewed widely as less a sin than a sickness,but now no mental一health
profession any longer________(57)homosexuality an illness.More recent theories to________(58)for
homosexuality have included those based on biological and sociological factors.To date,________(59),
there is no conclusive general theory that can explain the cause of homosexuality.
Attitudes________(60)homosexuality began to change in the second half of the 20th century.Gays
attribute this,in part,to their own struggle for their rights and pride in their orientation.Some large companies
now________(61)health-care benefits to the life partners of their gay employees.Many cities also have
officially appointed lesbian and gay advisory committees.
________(62)some attitudes have changed,however,prejudice still exists,and in the late 1980s and
early 1990s there were considerable shouts against homosexuals,with attempts to________(63)laws forbidding
the granting of basic civil rights to gays.
The AIDS epidemic,which started in the 1980s,has devastated the gay community and brought it
together as never before.The organized gay response to the lack of government financial support for fighting
AIDS and to the needs of the thousands of AIDS victims,________(64)they be gays or not,has been a
model of community action.AIDS,however,has also________(65)people with another reason for their
prejudice.

_________(51)
A:alike
B:like
C:likely
D:liking

共用题干
Women with AIDS

For a long time women with HIV were ignored because the focus was totally on HIV men.The gay community was very much in sight and vocal and successfully got support for its cause.Now we are rapidly approaching the point where about one haff of all AIDS cases in the. world are women. But no one is taking this dangerously high level of infection among women seriously enough.
Women usually have a worse time dealing with HIV than men do.In most cases,the woman is taking care of children as well as her sick partner. She may not even have time to take care of herself. The HIV-positive woman ends up shouldering the family as well as her own personal problems. Men,however,are usually the ones who have insurance income and access to doctors.They get care.Women often do not.
The discrimination against HIV-positive women is simply terrible.They are likely to be more inactive than men in the home and workplace because too many people think that women are the cause of the disease.This is not at all true.They get it from a man.They don't just simply have HIV.Of course,there's a social discrimination against all people with HIV.They are scared that other people will know they are HJV-positive and that they will,therefore be discriminated against. For example,it's very difficult for people with HIV to travel.They are not allowed to enter many countries,including the United States,China and Russia.
The biggest difficulty an HIV-positive woman must face is the isolatjon.Once the woman knows she's HIV-positive,she lives in fear that other people will find out.She's so frightened she will go into hiding,into an isolated place by herself. It's not at all uncommon to meet a woman who has been HIV-positive for nearly 10 years and has never told anyone,except her doctor. And the resulting stress is enough to make her sick.But HIV-positive women who get support,who can discuss their trouble and then do something about it一whether that means taking better care of themselves or going to the United Nations to struggle for their rights一are likely to live longer. Active women don't die out of shame in a corner. This happens to too many HIV-positive women.

Active women with AIDS tend to live longer.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

共用题干
Homosexuals（同性恋者）

Many homosexuals prefer to be called gay or,for woman,lesbian.Most of them live quiet lives just______(51)anyone else.Some gay people have always raised children,______(52)or with partners,and the use of artificial insemination（人工受精）is increasing among lesbians.
Gay persons are in every kind of job.Some are very open about their homosexuality,and some are more private.Some______(53)their sexual orientation as a biological given and others as a choice.For those women who see it as a choice,one reason often given is the inequality in most heterosexual（异性恋的）relationships.
Homosexuality has been common in most cultures throughout history and generally______ (54).As a result,homosexual activity became a crime,______(55)which the penalty in early courts was death.Homosexual behavior is still______(56)in many countries and the United States.
Homosexuality later came to be viewed widely as less a sin than a sickness,but now no mentalhealth professional（具有专业资格的人）any longer ______ (57) homosexuality an illness. More recent theories to______(58)for homosexuality have included those based on biological and sociological factors.To date.______(59),there is no conclusive general theory that can explain the cause of homosexuality.
Attitudes______(60)homosexuality began to change in the second half of the 20th century. Gays attribute this,in part,to their own struggle for their rights and pride in their orientation. Some large companies now______(61)health-care benefits to the life partners of their gay employees. Many cities also have officially appointed lesbian and gay advisory（咨询的）committees.______(62)some attitudes have changed,however,prejudice（偏见）still exists,and in the late 1980s and early 1990s,there were considerable shouts against homosexuals,with attempt to ______(63)laws forbidding the granting of basic civil rights to gays.
The AIDS epidemic,which started in the 1980s,has devastated（毁坏）the gay community and brought it together as never before,The organized gay response to the lack of government financial support for fighting AIDS and to the needs of the thousands of AIDS victim______(64)they be gays or not,has been a model of community action.AIDS,however,has also______(65)people with another reason for their prejudice.

_________(52)
A:lone
B:lonely
C:along
D:alone

共用题干
The Dangers of Second-hand Smoke
Most people know that cigarette smoking is harmful to their health.Scientific research shows that it causes many kinds of diseases.In fact,many people who smoke get lung cancer.However,Edward Gilson has lung cancer,and he has never smoked cigarettes.He lives with his wife Evelyn,who has smoked about a pack of cigarettes a day throughout their marriage.______(46) No one knows for sure why Mr.Gilson has lung cancer.Nevertheless,doctors believe that second-hand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from other people's cigarettes.______(47) The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53,000 people die in the United States each year as a result of exposure to second-hand smoke.
The smoke that comes from a lit cigarette contains many different poisonous chemicals.In the past, scientists did not think that these chemicals could harm a nonsmoker's health._______（48)They discovered that even nonsmokers had unhealthy amounts of these toxic chemicals in their bodies.As a matter of fact,almost all of us breathe tobacco smoke at times,whether we realize it or not.For example,we can not avoid second-hand smoke in restaurants,hotels and other public places.Even though many public places have nonsmoking areas,smoke flows in from the areas where smoking is permitted.
It is even harder for children to avoid second-hand smoke______（49)Research shows that children who are exposed to second-hand smoke are sick more often than children who live in homes where no one smokes and that the children of smokers are more than twice as likely to develop lung cancer when they are adults as are children of nonsmokers.The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parents smoke.
People are becoming very aware of the dangers of second-hand smoke.______(50)

______（47)
A:Recently,though,scientists changed their opinion after they studied a large group of nonsmokers.
B:The Gilsons have been married for 35 years.
C:This smoke is called second-hand smoke.
D:However,second-hand smoke is dangerous to all people,old or young.
E:As a result,they have passed laws which prohibit people from smoking in many public places.
F:In the United States,nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.

请阅读Passage 2，完成第小题。
Passage 2
NBA centre Jason Collins recently announced he was gay in a cover story for Sports
Illustrated. In other words, he"came out of the closet." This expression for revealing one's homosexuality may seem natural. Being in the closet implies hiding from the outside world, and the act of coming out of it implies the will to stop hiding. But though the closet has long been a metaphor for privacy or secrecy, its use with reference to homosexuality is relatively recent.
According to George Chauncey's comprehensive history of modern gay culture, Gay New York, the closet metaphor was not used by gay people until the 1960s. Before then, it doesn't appear anywhere"in the records of the gay movement or in the novels, diaries, or letters of gay men and lesbians."
"Coming out," however, has long been used in the gay community, but it first meant something different than it does now."A gay man's coming out originally referred to his being formally presented to the largest collective manifestation of prewar gay society, the enormous drag balls that were patterned on the debutante and masquerade balls of the dominant culture and were regularly held in New York, Chicago, New Orleans, Baltimore, and other cities." The phrase"coming out" did not refer to coming out of hiding, but to joining into a society of peers. The phrase was borrowed from the world of debutante balls, where young women"came out" in being officially
introduced to society.
The gay debutante balls were a matter of public record and often covered in the newspaper, so"coming out" within gay society often meant revealing your sexual orientation in the wider society as well, but the phrase didn't necessarily carry the implication that if you hadn't yet come out, you were keeping it a secret. There were other metaphors for the act of hiding or revealing homosexuality. Gay people could "wear a mask" or "take off the mask". A man could "wear his hair up" or "let his hair down", or "drop hairpins" that would only be recognized by other gay men.
It is unclear exactly when gay people started using the closet metaphor, but "it may have been used initially because many men who remained 'covert' thought of their homosexuality as a sort of'skeleton in the closet'." It may also have come from outsiders who viewed it that way. It seems that"coming out of the closet" was born as a mixture of two metaphors: a debutante proudly stepping into the arms of a community and a shocking secret being kept in hiding. Now. the community is the wider community, and the secret is no longer shocking,"Coming out" is a useful phrase, but it need not imply a closet.

Which of the following statement about "coming out" is True?
查看材料

A．Closet is always the metaphor of homosexuality.
B．The original meaning of the phrase is the revealing of homosexuality.
C．The phrase was borrowed from the world of debutante balls.
D．The phrase "coming out" only refers to coming out of hiding.

共用题干
Step Back in Time

Do you know that we live a lot longer now than the people who were born before us?One
hundred years ago the average woman lived to be 45.But now,she can live until at least 80.
One of the main reasons for people living longer is that we know how to look after
ourselves better. We know which foods are good for us and what we have to eat to make
sure our bodies get all the healthy things they need.We know why we sometimes get ill and
what to do to get better again.And we know how important it is to do lots of exercise to
keep our hearts beating healthily.
But in order that we don't slip back into bad habits,let's have a look at what life was
like 100 years ago.
Families had between 15 and 20 children,although many babies didn't live long.
Children suffered from lots of diseases , especially rickets（佝偻病）and scurvy（坏血病）,
which are both caused by bad diets.This is because many families were very poor and not
able to feed their children well.
Really poor families who lived in crowded cities like London and Manchester often slept
standing up,bending over a piece of string,because there was no room for them to lie down.
People didn't have fridges until the 1 920s.They kept fresh food cold by storing it on
windowsills（窗台板）,blocks of ice, or even burying it in the garden.
Some children had to start work at the age of seven or eight to earn money for their
parents. If you had lived 1 00 years ago , you might well be selling matchsticks（火柴杆）(a
job done by many children)or working with your dad by now.

Life was not easy for many children living 100 years ago.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

共用题干
Step Back in Time

Do you know that we live a lot longer now than the people who were born before us?One
hundred years ago the average woman lived to be 45.But now,she can live until at least 80.
One of the main reasons for people living longer is that we know how to look after
ourselves better. We know which foods are good for us and what we have to eat to make
sure our bodies get all the healthy things they need.We know why we sometimes get ill and
what to do to get better again.And we know how important it is to do lots of exercise to
keep our hearts beating healthily.
But in order that we don't slip back into bad habits,let's have a look at what life was
like 100 years ago.
Families had between 15 and 20 children,although many babies didn't live long.
Children suffered from lots of diseases , especially rickets（佝偻病）and scurvy（坏血病）,
which are both caused by bad diets.This is because many families were very poor and not
able to feed their children well.
Really poor families who lived in crowded cities like London and Manchester often slept
standing up,bending over a piece of string,because there was no room for them to lie down.
People didn't have fridges until the 1 920s.They kept fresh food cold by storing it on
windowsills（窗台板）,blocks of ice, or even burying it in the garden.
Some children had to start work at the age of seven or eight to earn money for their
parents. If you had lived 1 00 years ago , you might well be selling matchsticks（火柴杆）(a
job done by many children)or working with your dad by now.

People now enjoy longer lives for unknown reasons.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

共用题干
Step Back in Time

Do you know that we live a lot longer now than the people who were born before us?One
hundred years ago the average woman lived to be 45.But now,she can live until at least 80.
One of the main reasons for people living longer is that we know how to look after
ourselves better. We know which foods are good for us and what we have to eat to make
sure our bodies get all the healthy things they need.We know why we sometimes get ill and
what to do to get better again.And we know how important it is to do lots of exercise to
keep our hearts beating healthily.
But in order that we don't slip back into bad habits,let's have a look at what life was
like 100 years ago.
Families had between 15 and 20 children,although many babies didn't live long.
Children suffered from lots of diseases , especially rickets（佝偻病）and scurvy（坏血病）,
which are both caused by bad diets.This is because many families were very poor and not
able to feed their children well.
Really poor families who lived in crowded cities like London and Manchester often slept
standing up,bending over a piece of string,because there was no room for them to lie down.
People didn't have fridges until the 1 920s.They kept fresh food cold by storing it on
windowsills（窗台板）,blocks of ice, or even burying it in the garden.
Some children had to start work at the age of seven or eight to earn money for their
parents. If you had lived 1 00 years ago , you might well be selling matchsticks（火柴杆）(a
job done by many children)or working with your dad by now.

A.hundred years ago many kids died at an early age.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

共用题干
Step Back in Time
Do you know that we live a lot longer now than the people who were born before us?One hundred years ago the average woman lived to be 45.But now,she can live until at least 80.
One of the main reasons for people living longer is that we know how to look after ourselves better.We know which foods are good for us and what we have to eat to make sure our bodies get all the healthy things they need.We know why we sometimes get ill and what to do to get better again.And we know how important it is to do lots of exercise to keep our hearts beating healthily.
But in order that we don't slip back into bad habits,let's have a look at what life was 100 years ago
Families had between 15 and 20 children,although many babies didn't live long.from lots of diseases , especially rickets (佝偻病）and scurvy（坏血病）,which are bot diets.This is because many families were very poor and not able to feed their children well.
Really poor families who lived in crowded cities like London and Manchester often slept standing up,bending over a piece of string,because there was no room for them to lie down.
People didn't have fridges until the 1920s.They kept fresh food cold by storing it on windowsills（窗台板）,blocks of ice,or even burying it in the garden.
Some children had to start work at the age of seven or eight to earn money for their pai lived 100 years ago,you might well be selling matchsticks（火柴杆）(a job done by many children）or working with your dad by now.

Life was not easy for many children living 100 years ago.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

共用题干
Homosexuals

Many homosexuals prefer to be called gay or,for women,lesbian.Most of them live quiet lives just
________(51)anyone else.Some gay people have always raised children,________(52)or with partners,
and the use of artificial insemination is increasing among lesbians.
Gay people are in every kind of job.Some are very open about their homosexuality,and some are more
private.Some________(53)their sexual orientation as a biological given and others as a choice.For those
women who see it as a choice,one reason often given is the inequality in most heterosexual relationships.
Homosexuality has been common in most cultures throughout history and generally________(54).As a
result,homosexual activity became a crime,________(55)which the penalty in early courts was death.
Homosexual behavior is still________(56)in many countries and U.S.states.
Homosexuality later came to be viewed widely as less a sin than a sickness,but now no mental一health
profession any longer________(57)homosexuality an illness.More recent theories to________(58)for
homosexuality have included those based on biological and sociological factors.To date,________(59),
there is no conclusive general theory that can explain the cause of homosexuality.
Attitudes________(60)homosexuality began to change in the second half of the 20th century.Gays
attribute this,in part,to their own struggle for their rights and pride in their orientation.Some large companies
now________(61)health-care benefits to the life partners of their gay employees.Many cities also have
officially appointed lesbian and gay advisory committees.
________(62)some attitudes have changed,however,prejudice still exists,and in the late 1980s and
early 1990s there were considerable shouts against homosexuals,with attempts to________(63)laws forbidding
the granting of basic civil rights to gays.
The AIDS epidemic,which started in the 1980s,has devastated the gay community and brought it
together as never before.The organized gay response to the lack of government financial support for fighting
AIDS and to the needs of the thousands of AIDS victims,________(64)they be gays or not,has been a
model of community action.AIDS,however,has also________(65)people with another reason for their
prejudice.

_________(54)
A:condemned
B:condemning
C:to condemn
D:being condemned

共用题干
Women with AIDS

For a long time women with HIV were ignored because the focus was totally on HIV men.The gay community was very much in sight and vocal and successfully got support for its cause.Now we are rapidly approaching the point where about one haff of all AIDS cases in the. world are women. But no one is taking this dangerously high level of infection among women seriously enough.
Women usually have a worse time dealing with HIV than men do.In most cases,the woman is taking care of children as well as her sick partner. She may not even have time to take care of herself. The HIV-positive woman ends up shouldering the family as well as her own personal problems. Men,however,are usually the ones who have insurance income and access to doctors.They get care.Women often do not.
The discrimination against HIV-positive women is simply terrible.They are likely to be more inactive than men in the home and workplace because too many people think that women are the cause of the disease.This is not at all true.They get it from a man.They don't just simply have HIV.Of course,there's a social discrimination against all people with HIV.They are scared that other people will know they are HJV-positive and that they will,therefore be discriminated against. For example,it's very difficult for people with HIV to travel.They are not allowed to enter many countries,including the United States,China and Russia.
The biggest difficulty an HIV-positive woman must face is the isolatjon.Once the woman knows she's HIV-positive,she lives in fear that other people will find out.She's so frightened she will go into hiding,into an isolated place by herself. It's not at all uncommon to meet a woman who has been HIV-positive for nearly 10 years and has never told anyone,except her doctor. And the resulting stress is enough to make her sick.But HIV-positive women who get support,who can discuss their trouble and then do something about it一whether that means taking better care of themselves or going to the United Nations to struggle for their rights一are likely to live longer. Active women don't die out of shame in a corner. This happens to too many HIV-positive women.

Women with AIDS are encouraged to tell their trouble to others.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

共用题干
Homosexuals

Many homosexuals prefer to be called gay or,for women,lesbian.Most of them live quiet lives just
________(51)anyone else.Some gay people have always raised children,________(52)or with partners,
and the use of artificial insemination is increasing among lesbians.
Gay people are in every kind of job.Some are very open about their homosexuality,and some are more
private.Some________(53)their sexual orientation as a biological given and others as a choice.For those
women who see it as a choice,one reason often given is the inequality in most heterosexual relationships.
Homosexuality has been common in most cultures throughout history and generally________(54).As a
result,homosexual activity became a crime,________(55)which the penalty in early courts was death.
Homosexual behavior is still________(56)in many countries and U.S.states.
Homosexuality later came to be viewed widely as less a sin than a sickness,but now no mental一health
profession any longer________(57)homosexuality an illness.More recent theories to________(58)for
homosexuality have included those based on biological and sociological factors.To date,________(59),
there is no conclusive general theory that can explain the cause of homosexuality.
Attitudes________(60)homosexuality began to change in the second half of the 20th century.Gays
attribute this,in part,to their own struggle for their rights and pride in their orientation.Some large companies
now________(61)health-care benefits to the life partners of their gay employees.Many cities also have
officially appointed lesbian and gay advisory committees.
________(62)some attitudes have changed,however,prejudice still exists,and in the late 1980s and
early 1990s there were considerable shouts against homosexuals,with attempts to________(63)laws forbidding
the granting of basic civil rights to gays.
The AIDS epidemic,which started in the 1980s,has devastated the gay community and brought it
together as never before.The organized gay response to the lack of government financial support for fighting
AIDS and to the needs of the thousands of AIDS victims,________(64)they be gays or not,has been a
model of community action.AIDS,however,has also________(65)people with another reason for their
prejudice.

_________(52)
A:lone
B:lonely
C:along
D:alone

共用题干
Prolonging Human Life
Prolonging human life has increased the size of the human population. Many people alive
today would have died of childhood diseases if they had been born 100 years ago.Because
more people live longer,there are more people around at any given time. In fact,it is a decrease in death rates,not an increase in birthrates,that has led to the population explosion.
Prolonging human life has also increased the dependency load. In all societies,people who are disabled or too young or too old to work are dependent on the rest of society to provide for them. In hunting and gathering cultures,old people who could not keep up might be left behind to die. In times of famine,infants might be allowed to die because they could not survive if their parents starved,whereas if the parents survived they could have another child. In most contemporary societies,people feel a moral obligation to keep people alive whether they can work or not. We have a great many people today who live past the age at which they want to work or are able to work;we also have rules which require people to retire at a certain age. Unless these people were able to save money for their retirement,some-body else must support them. In the United States many retired people live on social security checks which are so little that they must live in near poverty. Older people have more illness than young or middle-aged people;unless they have wealth or private or government insur-ance,they must often“go on welfare” if they have a serious illness.
When older people become senile or too weak and ill to care for themselves,they create grave problems for their families. In the past and in some traditional cultures,they would be cared for at home until they died. Today,with most members of a household working or in school,there is often no one at home who can care for a sick or weak person. To meet this need,a great many nursing homes and convalescent hospitals have been built.These are of-ten profit-making organizations,although some are sponsored by religious and other nonprofit groups.While a few of these institutions are good,most of them are simply“dumping grounds”for the dying in which“care”is given by poorly paid,overworked,and under-skilled personnel.

According to the passage,which of the following statements about retired people in the United States is true?
A: Many of them have a very hard life.
B: They cannot live a decent life without enough bank savings.
C: They rely mainly on their children for financial support.
D: Most of them live with their children and therefore are well looked after.

共用题干
Homosexuals（同性恋者）

Many homosexuals prefer to be called gay or,for woman,lesbian.Most of them live quiet lives just______(51)anyone else.Some gay people have always raised children,______(52)or with partners,and the use of artificial insemination（人工受精）is increasing among lesbians.
Gay persons are in every kind of job.Some are very open about their homosexuality,and some are more private.Some______(53)their sexual orientation as a biological given and others as a choice.For those women who see it as a choice,one reason often given is the inequality in most heterosexual（异性恋的）relationships.
Homosexuality has been common in most cultures throughout history and generally______ (54).As a result,homosexual activity became a crime,______(55)which the penalty in early courts was death.Homosexual behavior is still______(56)in many countries and the United States.
Homosexuality later came to be viewed widely as less a sin than a sickness,but now no mentalhealth professional（具有专业资格的人）any longer ______ (57) homosexuality an illness. More recent theories to______(58)for homosexuality have included those based on biological and sociological factors.To date.______(59),there is no conclusive general theory that can explain the cause of homosexuality.
Attitudes______(60)homosexuality began to change in the second half of the 20th century. Gays attribute this,in part,to their own struggle for their rights and pride in their orientation. Some large companies now______(61)health-care benefits to the life partners of their gay employees. Many cities also have officially appointed lesbian and gay advisory（咨询的）committees.______(62)some attitudes have changed,however,prejudice（偏见）still exists,and in the late 1980s and early 1990s,there were considerable shouts against homosexuals,with attempt to ______(63)laws forbidding the granting of basic civil rights to gays.
The AIDS epidemic,which started in the 1980s,has devastated（毁坏）the gay community and brought it together as never before,The organized gay response to the lack of government financial support for fighting AIDS and to the needs of the thousands of AIDS victim______(64)they be gays or not,has been a model of community action.AIDS,however,has also______(65)people with another reason for their prejudice.

_________(55)
A:against
B:from
C:for
D:of

共用题干
Homosexuals（同性恋者）

Many homosexuals prefer to be called gay or,for woman,lesbian.Most of them live quiet lives just______(51)anyone else.Some gay people have always raised children,______(52)or with partners,and the use of artificial insemination（人工受精）is increasing among lesbians.
Gay persons are in every kind of job.Some are very open about their homosexuality,and some are more private.Some______(53)their sexual orientation as a biological given and others as a choice.For those women who see it as a choice,one reason often given is the inequality in most heterosexual（异性恋的）relationships.
Homosexuality has been common in most cultures throughout history and generally______ (54).As a result,homosexual activity became a crime,______(55)which the penalty in early courts was death.Homosexual behavior is still______(56)in many countries and the United States.
Homosexuality later came to be viewed widely as less a sin than a sickness,but now no mentalhealth professional（具有专业资格的人）any longer ______ (57) homosexuality an illness. More recent theories to______(58)for homosexuality have included those based on biological and sociological factors.To date.______(59),there is no conclusive general theory that can explain the cause of homosexuality.
Attitudes______(60)homosexuality began to change in the second half of the 20th century. Gays attribute this,in part,to their own struggle for their rights and pride in their orientation. Some large companies now______(61)health-care benefits to the life partners of their gay employees. Many cities also have officially appointed lesbian and gay advisory（咨询的）committees.______(62)some attitudes have changed,however,prejudice（偏见）still exists,and in the late 1980s and early 1990s,there were considerable shouts against homosexuals,with attempt to ______(63)laws forbidding the granting of basic civil rights to gays.
The AIDS epidemic,which started in the 1980s,has devastated（毁坏）the gay community and brought it together as never before,The organized gay response to the lack of government financial support for fighting AIDS and to the needs of the thousands of AIDS victim______(64)they be gays or not,has been a model of community action.AIDS,however,has also______(65)people with another reason for their prejudice.

_________(51)
A:alike
B:like
C:likely
D:liking