共用题干 第二篇When Our Eyes Serve Our StomachOur senses aren't just delivering a strict view of what'5 going on in the world;they're affected by what's going on in our heads.A new study finds that hungry people see food-related words more clearly than people wh
题目
共用题干
第二篇
When Our Eyes Serve Our Stomach
Our senses aren't just delivering a strict view of what'5 going on in the world;they're affected by
what's going on in our heads.A new study finds that hungry people see food-related words more clearly than
people who'ye just eaten.
Psychologists have known for decades that what’。going on inside our heads affects our senses.For example,
poorer children think coins are larger than they are,and hungry people think pictures of food are brighter.
Remi Radel of University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis,France,wanted to investigate how this happens.Does it
happen right away as the brain receives signals from the eyes or a little later as the brain's high-level thinking
processes get involved?
Radel recruited 42 students with a normal body mass（质量）index.On the day of his or her test,each
student was told to arrive at the lab at noon after three or four hours of not eating.Then they were told there
was a delay.Some were told to come back in 10 minutes;others were given an hour to get lunch first.So half
the students were hungry when they did the experiment and the other half had just eaten.
For the experiment, the participant looked at a computer screen.One by one,80 words flashed on the
screen for about 1/300th of a second each.They flashed at so small a size that the studentsc o111d only con-
sciously perceive - A quarter of the words were food-related.After each word,each person was asked how
bright the word was and asked to choose which of two words they'd seen一a food-related word like cake or a
neutral（中性的）word like boat. Each word appeared too briefly for the participant to really read it.
Hungry people saw the food-related words as brighter and were better at identifying food-related words.
Because the word appeared too quickly for them to be reliably seen,this means that the difference is in per-
ception,not in thinking processes,Radel says.
"This is something great to me.Humans can really perceive what they need or what they strive（奋斗）
for. From the experiment, I know that our brain can really be at the disposal（处理）of our motives（动机）
and needs,"Radel says.
第二篇
When Our Eyes Serve Our Stomach
Our senses aren't just delivering a strict view of what'5 going on in the world;they're affected by
what's going on in our heads.A new study finds that hungry people see food-related words more clearly than
people who'ye just eaten.
Psychologists have known for decades that what’。going on inside our heads affects our senses.For example,
poorer children think coins are larger than they are,and hungry people think pictures of food are brighter.
Remi Radel of University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis,France,wanted to investigate how this happens.Does it
happen right away as the brain receives signals from the eyes or a little later as the brain's high-level thinking
processes get involved?
Radel recruited 42 students with a normal body mass（质量）index.On the day of his or her test,each
student was told to arrive at the lab at noon after three or four hours of not eating.Then they were told there
was a delay.Some were told to come back in 10 minutes;others were given an hour to get lunch first.So half
the students were hungry when they did the experiment and the other half had just eaten.
For the experiment, the participant looked at a computer screen.One by one,80 words flashed on the
screen for about 1/300th of a second each.They flashed at so small a size that the studentsc o111d only con-
sciously perceive - A quarter of the words were food-related.After each word,each person was asked how
bright the word was and asked to choose which of two words they'd seen一a food-related word like cake or a
neutral（中性的）word like boat. Each word appeared too briefly for the participant to really read it.
Hungry people saw the food-related words as brighter and were better at identifying food-related words.
Because the word appeared too quickly for them to be reliably seen,this means that the difference is in per-
ception,not in thinking processes,Radel says.
"This is something great to me.Humans can really perceive what they need or what they strive（奋斗）
for. From the experiment, I know that our brain can really be at the disposal（处理）of our motives（动机）
and needs,"Radel says.
"Poorer children"and"hungry people"are mentioned in Paragraph 2 to show__________.
A:humans'senses are influenced by what'5 going on in their heads
B:they have sharper senses than others
C:they lose their senses because of poverty and hunger
D:humans'senses are affected by what they see with their eyes
A:humans'senses are influenced by what'5 going on in their heads
B:they have sharper senses than others
C:they lose their senses because of poverty and hunger
D:humans'senses are affected by what they see with their eyes
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更多“共用题干 第二篇When Our Eyes Serve Our StomachOur senses aren't just delivering a strict view of what'5 going on in the world;they're affected by what's going on in our heads.A new study finds that hungry people see food-related words more clearly than people wh”相关问题
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第1题：
英语四级:study abroadNowadays , more and more students go to foreign countries to study . many people are spare no effort in applying for going abroad .
About this phenomenon , different people have different points . some people agree with it . first of all , studying abroad is the best way to improve our language . if we want to break away from “ mute English ” , it’s a good method to help you . second , by studying abroad we can better to know foreign countries’ culture . going in a country and we can experience different culture’s charm . last but not least , it’s a good opportunity to travel , make friends with different people and broaden your horizon .
But others disagree with it . in the first few months these students will have a language barrier and hard to go in their society . many students can’t make a good programme when their parents aren’t with them , some of them spend their abroad’ time in vain .
As long as I’m concerned , if we have a chance to study abroad ,we should treasure make full use of it . it will make us be wiser . because of the study’s experience , I believe that our life will also be more beautiful and wonderful .
长时间没认真接触过英语作文，知道有很多低级错误，因为要的比较急，所以还望各位不吝赐教，帮忙修改一下。。。不胜感激。。。
improve our language 后面加上ability吧
second改为secondlyNowadays , more and more students go to foreign countries to study . many people are spare no effort in applying for going abroad .
现在,越来越多的学生去国外去深造。其中就有很多人不遗余力地申请到国外去留学。
About this phenomenon , different people have different points . some people agree with it . first of all , studying abroad is the best way to improve our language . if we want to break away from “ mute English ” , it’s a good method to help you . second , by studying abroad we can better to know foreign countries’ culture . going in a country and we can experience different culture’s charm . last but not least , it’s a good opportunity to travel , make friends with different people and broaden your horizon .
关于这一现象,不同的人有不同的分。有些人同意这样的说法。首先,出国留学是最好的方法,以改善我们的语言。如果我们想摆脱“哑巴英语”,这是一个很好的方法来帮助你。第二,通过学习国外可以让我们更了解外国的文化。要在一个国家,我们还能体验不同的文化的魅力。最后,但并非最不重要的是,这是一个很好的机会去旅行,广交朋友,与不同的人,开阔你的眼界。
But others disagree with it . in the first few months these students will have a language barrier and hard to go in their society . many students can’t make a good programme when their parents aren’t with them , some of them spend their abroad’ time in vain .
但是其他人不同意它。在最初几个月这些学生将有语言障碍,并努力去。许多学生在他们的社会做不出好节目的时候,他们的父母没有和他们在一起,他们中的一些人花费他们的国外的时间是徒劳的。
As long as I’m concerned , if we have a chance to study abroad ,we should treasure make full use of it . it will make us be wiser . because of the study’s experience , I believe that our life will also be more beautiful and wonderful .
只要我关心的,如果我们有机会去国外学习,我们都应该珍惜充分利用它。它将使我们变得更聪明。因为该研究的经验,我相信,我们的生活也将更加美妙。
1.many people are spare no effort in applying for going abroad .
spare 应该改成 sparing ，一般进行时。
2.About this phenomenon , different people have different points .
这句话总觉得有点不太顺。
point 改成 standpoint 或许更佳。或者直接把这个句子改成：Standpoints vary from person to person. 感觉更舒服些。
3.second , by studying abroad we can better to know foreign countries’ culture .
better不是个动词，所以不能接在情态动词后。应改成we can know foreign countries’ culture better.
4.going in a country and we can experience different culture’s charm .
好像一般不会说go in a country, 可以说成 go to a country.
5.in the first few months these students will have a language barrier and hard to go in their society .
hard前面要加上be，will be hard to do sth.
另外，go in society 也好别扭，step into the society或join the society应该更舒服。
6.many students can’t make a good programme when their parents aren’t with them .
一般没make a programme这种说法，楼主或许是想表达制定计划吧。那应该用schedule。
7.As long as I’m concerned
没这种说法，应该说成As far as I’m concerned。
8.we should treasure make full use of it
这句话把两个动词谓语叠在一起了，可以分开说成we should treasure it and make full use of it。
9. it will make us be wiser
应该去掉be. 说成make us wiser.
比较明显的错误应该就是这些。
在整体上，我建议楼主在写四级作文的时候可以多用些从句，以及对一些词汇进行适当的润色。比如说最后一句的because of，可以说成owing to或者 as a consequence of之类的。agree with 可以说成 in favor of。
总之，这些需要靠平时的积累和练习。总之，希望楼主的英语作文能够取得长足的进步！如果有什么需要追问的话，很高兴能与你交流！1.many people are spare no effort in applying for going abroad .
spare 应该改成 sparing ，一般进行时。
2.About this phenomenon , different people have different points .
这句话总觉得有点不太顺。
point 改成 standpoint 或许更佳。或者直接把这个句子改成：Standpoints vary from person to person. 感觉更舒服些。
3.second , by studying abroad we can better to know foreign countries’ culture .
better不是个动词，所以不能接在情态动词后。应改成we can know foreign countries’ culture better.
4.going in a country and we can experience different culture’s charm .
好像一般不会说go in a country, 可以说成 go to a country.
5.in the first few months these students will have a language barrier and hard to go in their society .
hard前面要加上be，will be hard to do sth.
另外，go in society 也好别扭，step into the society或join the society应该更舒服。
6.many students can’t make a good programme when their parents aren’t with them .
一般没make a programme这种说法，楼主或许是想表达制定计划吧。那应该用schedule。
7.As long as I’m concerned
没这种说法，应该说成As far as I’m concerned。
8.we should treasure make full use of it
这句话把两个动词谓语叠在一起了，可以分开说成we should treasure it and make full use of it。
9. it will make us be wiser
应该去掉be. 说成make us wiser.
比较明显的错误应该就是这些。
在整体上，我建议楼主在写四级作文的时候可以多用些从句，以及对一些词汇进行适当的润色。比如说最后一句的because of，可以说成owing to或者 as a consequence of之类的。agree with 可以说成 in favor of。
总之，这些需要靠平时的积累和练习。总之，希望楼主的英语作文能够取得长足的进步！ -
第2题：
According to the author, the reason why we go wrong about our friends is that ______.
A)we fall to listen carefully when they talk
B)people tend to be annoyed when we cheek what they say
C) people usually state one thing hut means another
D)we tend to doubt what our friends say
正确答案：C
答案：C
[试题分析]细节题。
[详细解答]本题的答案可以从第二段开头两句看出来 Why do we go wrong about our friends or our enemies? Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning，可见，选项C的意思与之相符，应为正确答案。
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第3题：
共用题干
When Our Eyes Serve Our Stomach
Our senses aren't just delivering a strict view of what's going on in the world;they're af-fected by what's going on in our heads. A new study finds that hungry people see food-related words more clearly than people who'ye just eaten.
Psychologists have known for decades that what's going on,inside our head affects our senses. For example,poorer children think coins are larger than they are,and hungry people think pictures of food are brighter. Remi Radel of University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis,France,wanted to investi-gate how this happens. Does it happen right away as the brain receives signals from the eyes or a lit-tle later as the brain's high-level thinking processes get involved.
Radel recruited 42 students with a normal body mass index. On the day of his or her test,each student was told to arrive at the lab at noon after three or four hours of not eating. Then they were told there was a delay. Some were told to come back in 10 minutes;others were given an hour to get lunch first. So half the students were hungry when they did the ex-periment and the other half had just eaten.
For the experiment,the participant looked at a computer screen. One by one,80 words flashed on the screen for about 1/300th of a second each. They flashed at so small a size that
the students could only consciously perceive. A quarter of the words were food-related. After each word,each person was asked how bright the word was and asked to choose which of two words they'd seen一a food-related word like cake or a neutral word like boat. Each word ap-peared too briefly for the participant to really read it.
Hungry people saw the food-related words as brighter and were better at identifying food-related words. Because the word appeared too quickly for them to be reliably seen,this means that the difference is in perception,not in thinking processes,Radel says.
“This is something great to me. Humans can really perceive what they need or what they strive for. From the experiment,I know that our brain can really be at the disposal of our mo-tives and needs,”Radel says.Radel's experiment discovered that hungry people______.
A: were more sensitive to food-related words than stomach-full people
B: were better at identifying neutral words
C: were always thinking of food-related words
D: saw every word more clearly than stomach-full people答案：A解析：题干意为“第二段中提到“贫穷的儿童”和“饥饿的人”是为了表明人类的感官会受到头脑活动的影响。”短文第二段第一句提到“几十年来，心理学家已经知道我们头脑中发生的事会影响我们的感官”，文章紧接着举出了“贫穷的儿童”和“饥饿的人”的例子来证明这一点，故选A。
题干意为“拉德尔的实验中有一段推迟，因为他想要把参与实验者分成“饥饿”和“不饥饿”两组。“短文第三段后半部分提到“来参加实验的学生被告知实验推迟，有些人被告知十分钟之后再回来，而另外一些人则有一个小时的时间先吃午饭，这样当他们做实验的时候，一半是处于饥饿状态的，而另一半是刚吃饱的”，由此可见拉德尔故意设计了推迟以达到将参与实验者分组的目的，故选C。
题干意为“为什么屏幕上的80个单词闪现的特别快而且字号非常小？为了确保参与实验者没有时间清醒地思考。”短文第四段第三句提到“这些单词以非常小的字号闪现，这样学生就只能有意识地感知它们”，故选D。
题干意为“拉德尔的实验发现饥饿的人对与食物有关的词比饱腹的人更敏感。”短文第五段第一句提到“饥饿的人看到与食物有关的词觉得更明亮，而且他们能更好地识别这些词”，故选A。
题干意为“从拉德尔的话可以看出人类可以不经过深入思考的过程就能感知他们需要的东西。”短文最后两段提到拉德尔认为，饥饿的人和饱腹的人对单词的不同反应区别在于感知过程而不是思考过程。“人类真的可以感知他们需要或者努力争取的东西”，故选C。 -
第4题：
共用题干
When Our Eyes Serve Our Stomach
Our senses aren't just delivering a strict view of what's going on in the world;they're af-fected by what's going on in our heads. A new study finds that hungry people see food-related words more clearly than people who'ye just eaten.
Psychologists have known for decades that what's going on,inside our head affects our senses. For example,poorer children think coins are larger than they are,and hungry people think pictures of food are brighter. Remi Radel of University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis,France,wanted to investi-gate how this happens. Does it happen right away as the brain receives signals from the eyes or a lit-tle later as the brain's high-level thinking processes get involved.
Radel recruited 42 students with a normal body mass index. On the day of his or her test,each student was told to arrive at the lab at noon after three or four hours of not eating. Then they were told there was a delay. Some were told to come back in 10 minutes;others were given an hour to get lunch first. So half the students were hungry when they did the ex-periment and the other half had just eaten.
For the experiment,the participant looked at a computer screen. One by one,80 words flashed on the screen for about 1/300th of a second each. They flashed at so small a size that
the students could only consciously perceive. A quarter of the words were food-related. After each word,each person was asked how bright the word was and asked to choose which of two words they'd seen一a food-related word like cake or a neutral word like boat. Each word ap-peared too briefly for the participant to really read it.
Hungry people saw the food-related words as brighter and were better at identifying food-related words. Because the word appeared too quickly for them to be reliably seen,this means that the difference is in perception,not in thinking processes,Radel says.
“This is something great to me. Humans can really perceive what they need or what they strive for. From the experiment,I know that our brain can really be at the disposal of our mo-tives and needs,”Radel says.Why did the 80 words flash so fast and at so small a size on the screen?
A: To ensure the participant was unable to perceive anything.
B: To guarantee each word came out at the same speed and size.
C: To shorten the time of the experiment.
D: To make sure the participant had no time to think consciously.答案：D解析：题干意为“第二段中提到“贫穷的儿童”和“饥饿的人”是为了表明人类的感官会受到头脑活动的影响。”短文第二段第一句提到“几十年来，心理学家已经知道我们头脑中发生的事会影响我们的感官”，文章紧接着举出了“贫穷的儿童”和“饥饿的人”的例子来证明这一点，故选A。
题干意为“拉德尔的实验中有一段推迟，因为他想要把参与实验者分成“饥饿”和“不饥饿”两组。“短文第三段后半部分提到“来参加实验的学生被告知实验推迟，有些人被告知十分钟之后再回来，而另外一些人则有一个小时的时间先吃午饭，这样当他们做实验的时候，一半是处于饥饿状态的，而另一半是刚吃饱的”，由此可见拉德尔故意设计了推迟以达到将参与实验者分组的目的，故选C。
题干意为“为什么屏幕上的80个单词闪现的特别快而且字号非常小？为了确保参与实验者没有时间清醒地思考。”短文第四段第三句提到“这些单词以非常小的字号闪现，这样学生就只能有意识地感知它们”，故选D。
题干意为“拉德尔的实验发现饥饿的人对与食物有关的词比饱腹的人更敏感。”短文第五段第一句提到“饥饿的人看到与食物有关的词觉得更明亮，而且他们能更好地识别这些词”，故选A。
题干意为“从拉德尔的话可以看出人类可以不经过深入思考的过程就能感知他们需要的东西。”短文最后两段提到拉德尔认为，饥饿的人和饱腹的人对单词的不同反应区别在于感知过程而不是思考过程。“人类真的可以感知他们需要或者努力争取的东西”，故选C。 -
第5题：
We can make mistakes at any age.Some mistakes we make are about money.But most mistakes?are about people."Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen?When I got that great job,did Jim really feel good about it,as a friend?Or did he envy my luck?"When we look back,doubts?like these can make us feel bad.But when we look back,it′s too late.
Why do we go wrong about our friends or our enemies?Sometimes what people say hides their?real meaning.And if we don′t really listen closely we miss the feeling behind the words.Suppose?someone tells you,"You′re a lucky dog."That′s being friendly.But"lucky dog"?There′s a bit?of envy in those words.Maybe he doesn′t see it himself.But bringing in the"dog"puts you down a?little.What he may be saying is that he doesn′t think you deserve your luck.
"Just think of all the things you have to be thankful for"is another noise that says one thing and?means another.It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole.But is be?Wrapped up in this phrase is the thought that your problem isn′t important.It′s telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven′t got a date for Saturday night.How can you tell the real meaning behind someone′s words?One way is to take a good look at?the person talking.Do his words fit the way he looks?Does what he says agree with the tone of?voice?His posture?The look in his eyes?Stop and think.The minute you spend thinking about the?real meaning of what people say to you may save another mistake.
In the sentence"Maybe he doesn′t see it himself"in paragraph 2,the pronoun"it"refers?toA.being friendly
B.a bit of envy
C.lucky dog
D.your luck答案：B解析：【考情点拨】词语理解题。【应试指导】本句中的it指的就是上句提到的a?bit of envy。
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第6题：
资料：When we see well，we do not think about our eyes very often. It is only when we cannot see perfectly that we realize how important our eyes are.
People who are near-sighted can only see things that are very close to their eyes，Everything else seems blurry（=unclear）.Many people who do a lot of work，such as writing，reading and sewing become near-sighted.
People who are far-sighted suffer from just the opposite problem. They can see things that are far away，but they have difficulty in reading a book unless they hold it at arm’s length. If they want to do much reading，they must get glasses，too.
Other people do not see clearly because their eyes are not exactly the right shape. They have what is called astigmatism. This，too，can be corrected by glasses. Some people’s eyes become cloudy because of cataracts. Long ago these people often became blind. Now，however，it is possible to operate on the cataracts and remove them.
Having two good eyes is important for judging distances. Each eye sees things from a slightly different angle. To prove this to yourself，look at an object out of one eye；Then look at the same object out of your other eye. You will find the object’s relation to the background and other things around it has changed. The difference between these two different eye views helps us to judge how far away an object is. People who have only one eye cannot judge distance as people with two eyes.
The underlined word suffer in the third paragraph probably means______.A.feel pain
B.imagine
C.are affected with
D.experience答案：A解析：本题考查的是推理判断。
【关键词】suffer；in the third paragraph；mean
【主题句】第3自然段People who are far-sighted suffer from just the opposite problem. They can see things that are far away，but they have difficulty in reading a book unless they hold it at arm’s length. 远视的人遭遇了相反的问题。他们可以看到很远的东西，但是他们看书有困难，除非保持一定的距离，否则很难阅读。
【解析】本题的问题是“第三段中带下划线的词suffer可能意味着_______”A选项“感到痛苦”；B选项“想象”；C选项“受到影响”；D选项“经历，经验”。根据主题句，远视的人遭遇着相反的问题，故A选项正确。 -
第7题：
资料：When we see well，we do not think about our eyes very often. It is only when we cannot see perfectly that we realize how important our eyes are.
People who are near-sighted can only see things that are very close to their eyes，Everything else seems blurry（=unclear）.Many people who do a lot of work，such as writing，reading and sewing become near-sighted.
People who are far-sighted suffer from just the opposite problem. They can see things that are far away，but they have difficulty in reading a book unless they hold it at arm’s length. If they want to do much reading，they must get glasses，too.
Other people do not see clearly because their eyes are not exactly the right shape. They have what is called astigmatism. This，too，can be corrected by glasses. Some people’s eyes become cloudy because of cataracts. Long ago these people often became blind. Now，however，it is possible to operate on the cataracts and remove them.
Having two good eyes is important for judging distances. Each eye sees things from a slightly different angle. To prove this to yourself，look at an object out of one eye；Then look at the same object out of your other eye. You will find the object’s relation to the background and other things around it has changed. The difference between these two different eye views helps us to judge how far away an object is. People who have only one eye cannot judge distance as people with two eyes.
We should take good care of our eyes______.A.even if we can see well
B.only when we cannot see perfectly
C.only when we realize how important our eyes are
D.only when we can see well答案：A解析：本题考查的是细节理解。
【关键词】take good care of；our eyes
【主题句】第1自然段When we see well，we do not think about our eyes very often. It is only when we cannot see perfectly that we realize how important our eyes are. 当我们看东西很清楚的时候，我们不经常想到我们的眼睛。只有当我们无法完美地看到时，我们才意识到我们的眼睛多么重要。
【解析】本题的问题是“我们应该好好保护我们的眼睛________”A选项“即使我们能看得很清楚”；B选项“当我们无法完美地看到时”；C选项“只有当我们意识到我们的眼睛有多重要时”；D选项“只有在我们能够看得出来的时候”。根据主题句分析可知，我们无论何时都要保护好眼睛，不要在看不清的时候才意识到严重性，故A选项符合题意。 -
第8题：
共用题干
Intelligent Machines
1 Medical scientists are already putting computer chips（芯片）directly into the brain to help people
who have Parkinson's disease,but in what other ways might computer technology be able to help us?Ray
Kurzweil is the author of the successful book The Age of Intelligent Machines and is one of the world's best
computer research scientists.He is researching the possibilities.
2 Kurzweil gets computers to recognize voices.An example of this is Ramona, the virtual（虚拟的）
hostess of Kurzweil's homepage,who is programmed to understand what you say.Visitors to the site can have
their conversations with her,and Ramona also dances and sings.
3 Kurzweil uses this technology to help people with physical disabilities.One of his ideas is a"seeing
machine".This will be"like a friend that could describe what is going on in the visible world,"he explains.
Blind people will use a visual sensor（探测器）which will probably be built into a pair of sunglasses.This
sensor will describe to the person everything it sees.
4 Another idea,which is likely to help deaf people,is the"listening machine".This invention will
recognize millions of words and understand any speaker.The listening machine will also be able to translate
other languages,so even people without hearing problems are likely to be interested in using it.
5 But it is not just about helping people with disabilities.Looking further into the future,Kurzweil sees
a time when we will be able to download our entire consciousness into a computer.This technology probably
won't be ready for at least 50 years,but when it arrives,it means our minds will be able to live forever.Paragraph2__________
A:A New Pair of Ears
B:Compuers that can Communicate
C:Everlasting Consciousness in a Computer
D:Time to Break Off a Friendship
E:An Author and Researecher
F:A New Pair of Eyes答案：B解析：短文第二段所举的例子说“她经设置可以理解你所说的话。网站的访问者可以和她谈 话，Ramona也会跳舞、唱歌”。因此“能够交流的计算机”这一标题概括了本段大意。
短文第三段主要阐述的是视觉机器，如“这机器像一个朋友一样，能够描述有形世界里 正在发生的事情……该传感器将向佩戴者描述它看到的一切”。因此F项内容概括了本段 大意。
短文第四段主要阐述的是听觉机器，因此A项内容概括了本段大意。
短文第五段主要谈到“我们将能把所有意识下载到电脑里……这意味着我们的头脑能 够永远活下去”。因此C项内容概括了本段大意。
短文第三段和第四段分别提到“Kurzweil uses this technology to help people with physical disabilities”和“Another idea ,which is likely to help deaf people"。因此E项内容符合文章大意。
短文第二段提到“who is programmed to understand what you say"。因此A项内容“你所 说的话”符合文章大意。
短文第三段提到“Blind people will use a visual sensor which will probably be built into a pair of sunglasses"。因此B项内容符合文章大意。
短文第四段提到“The listening machine will also be able to translate other languages, so even people without hearing problems are likely to be interested in using it"。因此C项内容符合文 章大意。第4部分：阅读理解第一篇 短文讲的是英国单人帆船手Ellen MacArthur是如何取得成功的。 -
第9题：
共用题干
Intelligent Machines
1 Medical scientists are already putting computer chips（芯片）directly into the brain to help people
who have Parkinson's disease,but in what other ways might computer technology be able to help us?Ray
Kurzweil is the author of the successful book The Age of Intelligent Machines and is one of the world's best
computer research scientists.He is researching the possibilities.
2 Kurzweil gets computers to recognize voices.An example of this is Ramona, the virtual（虚拟的）
hostess of Kurzweil's homepage,who is programmed to understand what you say.Visitors to the site can have
their conversations with her,and Ramona also dances and sings.
3 Kurzweil uses this technology to help people with physical disabilities.One of his ideas is a"seeing
machine".This will be"like a friend that could describe what is going on in the visible world,"he explains.
Blind people will use a visual sensor（探测器）which will probably be built into a pair of sunglasses.This
sensor will describe to the person everything it sees.
4 Another idea,which is likely to help deaf people,is the"listening machine".This invention will
recognize millions of words and understand any speaker.The listening machine will also be able to translate
other languages,so even people without hearing problems are likely to be interested in using it.
5 But it is not just about helping people with disabilities.Looking further into the future,Kurzweil sees
a time when we will be able to download our entire consciousness into a computer.This technology probably
won't be ready for at least 50 years,but when it arrives,it means our minds will be able to live forever.Blind people will be able to see the world with_________.
A:what you say
B:a pair of sunglasses
C:the listening machine
D:a visual sensor
E:who have disabilities
F:living forever in a computer答案：B解析：短文第二段所举的例子说“她经设置可以理解你所说的话。网站的访问者可以和她谈 话，Ramona也会跳舞、唱歌”。因此“能够交流的计算机”这一标题概括了本段大意。
短文第三段主要阐述的是视觉机器，如“这机器像一个朋友一样，能够描述有形世界里 正在发生的事情……该传感器将向佩戴者描述它看到的一切”。因此F项内容概括了本段 大意。
短文第四段主要阐述的是听觉机器，因此A项内容概括了本段大意。
短文第五段主要谈到“我们将能把所有意识下载到电脑里……这意味着我们的头脑能 够永远活下去”。因此C项内容概括了本段大意。
短文第三段和第四段分别提到“Kurzweil uses this technology to help people with physical disabilities”和“Another idea ,which is likely to help deaf people"。因此E项内容符合文章大意。
短文第二段提到“who is programmed to understand what you say"。因此A项内容“你所 说的话”符合文章大意。
短文第三段提到“Blind people will use a visual sensor which will probably be built into a pair of sunglasses"。因此B项内容符合文章大意。
短文第四段提到“The listening machine will also be able to translate other languages, so even people without hearing problems are likely to be interested in using it"。因此C项内容符合文 章大意。第4部分：阅读理解第一篇 短文讲的是英国单人帆船手Ellen MacArthur是如何取得成功的。 -
第10题：
共用题干
第二篇
When Our Eyes Serve Our Stomach
Our senses aren't just delivering a strict view of what'5 going on in the world;they're affected by
what's going on in our heads.A new study finds that hungry people see food-related words more clearly than
people who'ye just eaten.
Psychologists have known for decades that what’。going on inside our heads affects our senses.For example,
poorer children think coins are larger than they are,and hungry people think pictures of food are brighter.
Remi Radel of University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis,France,wanted to investigate how this happens.Does it
happen right away as the brain receives signals from the eyes or a little later as the brain's high-level thinking
processes get involved?
Radel recruited 42 students with a normal body mass（质量）index.On the day of his or her test,each
student was told to arrive at the lab at noon after three or four hours of not eating.Then they were told there
was a delay.Some were told to come back in 10 minutes;others were given an hour to get lunch first.So half
the students were hungry when they did the experiment and the other half had just eaten.
For the experiment, the participant looked at a computer screen.One by one,80 words flashed on the
screen for about 1/300th of a second each.They flashed at so small a size that the studentsc o111d only con-
sciously perceive - A quarter of the words were food-related.After each word,each person was asked how
bright the word was and asked to choose which of two words they'd seen一a food-related word like cake or a
neutral（中性的）word like boat. Each word appeared too briefly for the participant to really read it.
Hungry people saw the food-related words as brighter and were better at identifying food-related words.
Because the word appeared too quickly for them to be reliably seen,this means that the difference is in per-
ception,not in thinking processes,Radel says.
"This is something great to me.Humans can really perceive what they need or what they strive（奋斗）
for. From the experiment, I know that our brain can really be at the disposal（处理）of our motives（动机）
and needs,"Radel says.Why did the 80 words flash so fast and at so small a size on the screen?
A:To ensure the participant was unable to perceive anything.
B:To guarantee each word came out at the same speed and size.
C:To shorten the time of the experiment.
D:To make sure the participant had no time to think consciously.答案：D解析：A项是第二段第一句话中“.what' s going on inside our heads affects our heads affects our senses.”的同义表述，故选A。
答案的根据可在第二段找到。Radel为了保证42名学生到达实验室时是空腹的，所以 要求他们中午到达。然后告诉他们实验时间推迟了，请一部分学生10分钟后再来，请另外一 部分学生去用午餐，一个小时后再来。Radel用推迟实验的方法造就了两组实验者，即饥饿组 与饱食组。
由第四段中的“They flashed at so small a size that the studcnt, could only consciously per- ceive.（这些字如此小，那些学生只能有意识地注意到。）""Each word appeared too briefly for the participant to really read it.（每个字出现的时间如此短暂以至于参与者无法真正地读懂 它。）”可知A项错误，D项正确，因为受试者并非什么也注意不到，只是没时间来读懂这个词， 即没时间思考这个词到底是什么意思。B、C两项文中未提到，故排除。所以选D。
由倒数第二段首句“Hungry people saw the food-related words as brighter and were better at identifying food-related words.”可知答案。
最后一段第二句“Humans can really perceive what they need or what they strive for.”为选 择C项提供了依据。第三篇 本文讲述了芭蕾舞的起源和发展变化过程，介绍了芭蕾舞为适应时代变化石进行的改变。 -
第11题：
共用题干
第二篇
When Our Eyes Serve Our Stomach
Our senses aren't just delivering a strict view of what'5 going on in the world;they're affected by
what's going on in our heads.A new study finds that hungry people see food-related words more clearly than
people who'ye just eaten.
Psychologists have known for decades that what’。going on inside our heads affects our senses.For example,
poorer children think coins are larger than they are,and hungry people think pictures of food are brighter.
Remi Radel of University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis,France,wanted to investigate how this happens.Does it
happen right away as the brain receives signals from the eyes or a little later as the brain's high-level thinking
processes get involved?
Radel recruited 42 students with a normal body mass（质量）index.On the day of his or her test,each
student was told to arrive at the lab at noon after three or four hours of not eating.Then they were told there
was a delay.Some were told to come back in 10 minutes;others were given an hour to get lunch first.So half
the students were hungry when they did the experiment and the other half had just eaten.
For the experiment, the participant looked at a computer screen.One by one,80 words flashed on the
screen for about 1/300th of a second each.They flashed at so small a size that the studentsc o111d only con-
sciously perceive - A quarter of the words were food-related.After each word,each person was asked how
bright the word was and asked to choose which of two words they'd seen一a food-related word like cake or a
neutral（中性的）word like boat. Each word appeared too briefly for the participant to really read it.
Hungry people saw the food-related words as brighter and were better at identifying food-related words.
Because the word appeared too quickly for them to be reliably seen,this means that the difference is in per-
ception,not in thinking processes,Radel says.
"This is something great to me.Humans can really perceive what they need or what they strive（奋斗）
for. From the experiment, I know that our brain can really be at the disposal（处理）of our motives（动机）
and needs,"Radel says.It can be learnt from what Radel says that_______.
A:humans'thinking processes are independent of their senses
B:an experiment with hungry and non一hungry participants is not reliable
C:humans can perceive what they need without deep thinking processes
D:42 participants are too small a number for a serious investigation答案：C解析：A项是第二段第一句话中“.what' s going on inside our heads affects our heads affects our senses.”的同义表述，故选A。
答案的根据可在第二段找到。Radel为了保证42名学生到达实验室时是空腹的，所以 要求他们中午到达。然后告诉他们实验时间推迟了，请一部分学生10分钟后再来，请另外一 部分学生去用午餐，一个小时后再来。Radel用推迟实验的方法造就了两组实验者，即饥饿组 与饱食组。
由第四段中的“They flashed at so small a size that the studcnt, could only consciously per- ceive.（这些字如此小，那些学生只能有意识地注意到。）""Each word appeared too briefly for the participant to really read it.（每个字出现的时间如此短暂以至于参与者无法真正地读懂 它。）”可知A项错误，D项正确，因为受试者并非什么也注意不到，只是没时间来读懂这个词， 即没时间思考这个词到底是什么意思。B、C两项文中未提到，故排除。所以选D。
由倒数第二段首句“Hungry people saw the food-related words as brighter and were better at identifying food-related words.”可知答案。
最后一段第二句“Humans can really perceive what they need or what they strive for.”为选 择C项提供了依据。第三篇 本文讲述了芭蕾舞的起源和发展变化过程，介绍了芭蕾舞为适应时代变化石进行的改变。 -
第12题：
问答题Practice 4 Directions: Read the text below. Write an essay in about 120 words, in which you should summarize the key points of the text and make comments on them. Try to use your own words. In our modern world, when something wears out, we throw it away and buy a new one. The problem is that countries around the world have growing mountains of rubbish because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before. How did we become a throwaway society? First of all, it is now easier to replace an object than to spend time and money to repair it. Thanks to modern manufacturing (制造业) and technology, companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively. Products are plentiful and cheap. Another cause is our love of disposable (一次性的) products. As busy people, we are always looking for ways to save time and make our lives easier. Companies produce thousands of different kinds of disposable products: paper plates, plastic cups, and cameras, to name a few. Our appetite for new products also returns to the problem. We are addicted to buying new things. Advertisements persuade us that newer is better and that we will be happier with the latest products. The result is that we throw away useful possessions to make room for new ones. All around the world, we can see the consequences of this throwaway lifestyle. Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger. To decrease the amount of rubbish and to protect the environment, more governments are requiring people to recycle materials. However, this is not enough to solve (解决) our problem.正确答案： 【范文】
Nowadays, rubbish can be seen here and there. Some reasons can explain why people throw more rubbish than ever before. First, people prefer buying a new object to repairing an old one. Second, people like to use disposable products because of the convenience. Thirdly, people enjoy the feeling of buying new things.
Rubbish problem has become an urgent issue around the world, so the whole society must take some measures to solve it. In my opinion, we should strengthen the awareness of environmental protection and make efforts to reduce rubbish. We can develop the habit of repairing our professions instead of throwing them away. We also need to rethink our attitudes about spending. Moreover, recycling is also a good idea. I believe if we work together we can successfully solve the rubbish problem.解析： 暂无解析 -
第13题：
Part A
Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET I. (40 points)
Text 1
We can make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money. But most mistakes are about people. "Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen? .... When I got that great job, did Jim really feel good about it, as a friend? Or did he envy my luck?" "And Paul—why didn't pick up that he was friendly just because I had a car?" When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad. But when we look back, it' s too late.
Why do we go wrong about our friends or our enemies? Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning. And if we don' t really listen we miss the feeling behind the words. Suppose someone tells you, "You' re a lucky dog." That' s being friendly. But "lucky dog?" There's a bit of envy in those words. Maybe he doesn't see it himself. But bringing in the "dog" bit puts you down a little. What he may be saying is that the doesn't think you deserve your luck.
"Just think of all the things you have to be thankful for," is another noise that says one thing and means another. It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole. But is he? Wrapped up in this phrase is the thought that your problem isn’t important. It' s telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven' t got a date for Saturday night.
How can you tell the real meaning behind someone' s words? One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks? Does what he says agree with the tone of voice?
His posture? The look in his eyes? Stop and think. The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people to you may save another mistake.
21. This passage is mainly about______.
A) how to interpret what people say
B) what to do when you listen to others talking
C) how to avoid mistakes when you communicate with people
D) why we go wrong with people sometimes
正确答案：C
答案：C
[试题分析]文章主旨题。
[详细解答]本文开篇就指出了我们会经常在交流时出现一些错误，然后举了一些例子做分析，最后直接给出了避免错误的建议。可见，所有的内容都是围绕怎样去避免在与人交流过程中的错误。所以正确答案为C。
-
第14题：
共用题干
When Our Eyes Serve Our Stomach
Our senses aren't just delivering a strict view of what's going on in the world;they're af-fected by what's going on in our heads. A new study finds that hungry people see food-related words more clearly than people who'ye just eaten.
Psychologists have known for decades that what's going on,inside our head affects our senses. For example,poorer children think coins are larger than they are,and hungry people think pictures of food are brighter. Remi Radel of University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis,France,wanted to investi-gate how this happens. Does it happen right away as the brain receives signals from the eyes or a lit-tle later as the brain's high-level thinking processes get involved.
Radel recruited 42 students with a normal body mass index. On the day of his or her test,each student was told to arrive at the lab at noon after three or four hours of not eating. Then they were told there was a delay. Some were told to come back in 10 minutes;others were given an hour to get lunch first. So half the students were hungry when they did the ex-periment and the other half had just eaten.
For the experiment,the participant looked at a computer screen. One by one,80 words flashed on the screen for about 1/300th of a second each. They flashed at so small a size that
the students could only consciously perceive. A quarter of the words were food-related. After each word,each person was asked how bright the word was and asked to choose which of two words they'd seen一a food-related word like cake or a neutral word like boat. Each word ap-peared too briefly for the participant to really read it.
Hungry people saw the food-related words as brighter and were better at identifying food-related words. Because the word appeared too quickly for them to be reliably seen,this means that the difference is in perception,not in thinking processes,Radel says.
“This is something great to me. Humans can really perceive what they need or what they strive for. From the experiment,I know that our brain can really be at the disposal of our mo-tives and needs,”Radel says.There was a delay in Radel's experiment because_______.
A: he needed more students to join
B: he didn't prepare enough food for the 42 students
C: he wanted two groups of participants,hungry and non-hungry
D: he didn't want to have the experiment at noon答案：C解析：题干意为“第二段中提到“贫穷的儿童”和“饥饿的人”是为了表明人类的感官会受到头脑活动的影响。”短文第二段第一句提到“几十年来，心理学家已经知道我们头脑中发生的事会影响我们的感官”，文章紧接着举出了“贫穷的儿童”和“饥饿的人”的例子来证明这一点，故选A。
题干意为“拉德尔的实验中有一段推迟，因为他想要把参与实验者分成“饥饿”和“不饥饿”两组。“短文第三段后半部分提到“来参加实验的学生被告知实验推迟，有些人被告知十分钟之后再回来，而另外一些人则有一个小时的时间先吃午饭，这样当他们做实验的时候，一半是处于饥饿状态的，而另一半是刚吃饱的”，由此可见拉德尔故意设计了推迟以达到将参与实验者分组的目的，故选C。
题干意为“为什么屏幕上的80个单词闪现的特别快而且字号非常小？为了确保参与实验者没有时间清醒地思考。”短文第四段第三句提到“这些单词以非常小的字号闪现，这样学生就只能有意识地感知它们”，故选D。
题干意为“拉德尔的实验发现饥饿的人对与食物有关的词比饱腹的人更敏感。”短文第五段第一句提到“饥饿的人看到与食物有关的词觉得更明亮，而且他们能更好地识别这些词”，故选A。
题干意为“从拉德尔的话可以看出人类可以不经过深入思考的过程就能感知他们需要的东西。”短文最后两段提到拉德尔认为，饥饿的人和饱腹的人对单词的不同反应区别在于感知过程而不是思考过程。“人类真的可以感知他们需要或者努力争取的东西”，故选C。 -
第15题：
共用题干
When Our Eyes Serve Our Stomach
Our senses aren't just delivering a strict view of what's going on in the world;they're af-fected by what's going on in our heads. A new study finds that hungry people see food-related words more clearly than people who'ye just eaten.
Psychologists have known for decades that what's going on,inside our head affects our senses. For example,poorer children think coins are larger than they are,and hungry people think pictures of food are brighter. Remi Radel of University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis,France,wanted to investi-gate how this happens. Does it happen right away as the brain receives signals from the eyes or a lit-tle later as the brain's high-level thinking processes get involved.
Radel recruited 42 students with a normal body mass index. On the day of his or her test,each student was told to arrive at the lab at noon after three or four hours of not eating. Then they were told there was a delay. Some were told to come back in 10 minutes;others were given an hour to get lunch first. So half the students were hungry when they did the ex-periment and the other half had just eaten.
For the experiment,the participant looked at a computer screen. One by one,80 words flashed on the screen for about 1/300th of a second each. They flashed at so small a size that
the students could only consciously perceive. A quarter of the words were food-related. After each word,each person was asked how bright the word was and asked to choose which of two words they'd seen一a food-related word like cake or a neutral word like boat. Each word ap-peared too briefly for the participant to really read it.
Hungry people saw the food-related words as brighter and were better at identifying food-related words. Because the word appeared too quickly for them to be reliably seen,this means that the difference is in perception,not in thinking processes,Radel says.
“This is something great to me. Humans can really perceive what they need or what they strive for. From the experiment,I know that our brain can really be at the disposal of our mo-tives and needs,”Radel says.“Poorer children” and“hungry people” are mentioned in Paragraph 2 to show______.
A: humans'senses are influenced by what's going on in their heads
B: they have sharper senses than others
C: they lose their senses because of poverty and hunger
D: humans'senses are affected by what they see with their eyes答案：A解析：题干意为“第二段中提到“贫穷的儿童”和“饥饿的人”是为了表明人类的感官会受到头脑活动的影响。”短文第二段第一句提到“几十年来，心理学家已经知道我们头脑中发生的事会影响我们的感官”，文章紧接着举出了“贫穷的儿童”和“饥饿的人”的例子来证明这一点，故选A。
题干意为“拉德尔的实验中有一段推迟，因为他想要把参与实验者分成“饥饿”和“不饥饿”两组。“短文第三段后半部分提到“来参加实验的学生被告知实验推迟，有些人被告知十分钟之后再回来，而另外一些人则有一个小时的时间先吃午饭，这样当他们做实验的时候，一半是处于饥饿状态的，而另一半是刚吃饱的”，由此可见拉德尔故意设计了推迟以达到将参与实验者分组的目的，故选C。
题干意为“为什么屏幕上的80个单词闪现的特别快而且字号非常小？为了确保参与实验者没有时间清醒地思考。”短文第四段第三句提到“这些单词以非常小的字号闪现，这样学生就只能有意识地感知它们”，故选D。
题干意为“拉德尔的实验发现饥饿的人对与食物有关的词比饱腹的人更敏感。”短文第五段第一句提到“饥饿的人看到与食物有关的词觉得更明亮，而且他们能更好地识别这些词”，故选A。
题干意为“从拉德尔的话可以看出人类可以不经过深入思考的过程就能感知他们需要的东西。”短文最后两段提到拉德尔认为，饥饿的人和饱腹的人对单词的不同反应区别在于感知过程而不是思考过程。“人类真的可以感知他们需要或者努力争取的东西”，故选C。 -
第16题：
共用题干
When Our Eyes Serve Our Stomach
Our senses aren't just delivering a strict view of what's going on in the world;they're af-fected by what's going on in our heads. A new study finds that hungry people see food-related words more clearly than people who'ye just eaten.
Psychologists have known for decades that what's going on,inside our head affects our senses. For example,poorer children think coins are larger than they are,and hungry people think pictures of food are brighter. Remi Radel of University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis,France,wanted to investi-gate how this happens. Does it happen right away as the brain receives signals from the eyes or a lit-tle later as the brain's high-level thinking processes get involved.
Radel recruited 42 students with a normal body mass index. On the day of his or her test,each student was told to arrive at the lab at noon after three or four hours of not eating. Then they were told there was a delay. Some were told to come back in 10 minutes;others were given an hour to get lunch first. So half the students were hungry when they did the ex-periment and the other half had just eaten.
For the experiment,the participant looked at a computer screen. One by one,80 words flashed on the screen for about 1/300th of a second each. They flashed at so small a size that
the students could only consciously perceive. A quarter of the words were food-related. After each word,each person was asked how bright the word was and asked to choose which of two words they'd seen一a food-related word like cake or a neutral word like boat. Each word ap-peared too briefly for the participant to really read it.
Hungry people saw the food-related words as brighter and were better at identifying food-related words. Because the word appeared too quickly for them to be reliably seen,this means that the difference is in perception,not in thinking processes,Radel says.
“This is something great to me. Humans can really perceive what they need or what they strive for. From the experiment,I know that our brain can really be at the disposal of our mo-tives and needs,”Radel says.It can be learnt from what Radel says that______.
A: humans'thinking processes are independent of their senses
B: an experiment with hungry and non-hungry participants is not reliable
C: humans can perceive what they need without deep thinking processes
D: 42 participants are too small a number for a serious investigation答案：C解析：题干意为“第二段中提到“贫穷的儿童”和“饥饿的人”是为了表明人类的感官会受到头脑活动的影响。”短文第二段第一句提到“几十年来，心理学家已经知道我们头脑中发生的事会影响我们的感官”，文章紧接着举出了“贫穷的儿童”和“饥饿的人”的例子来证明这一点，故选A。
题干意为“拉德尔的实验中有一段推迟，因为他想要把参与实验者分成“饥饿”和“不饥饿”两组。“短文第三段后半部分提到“来参加实验的学生被告知实验推迟，有些人被告知十分钟之后再回来，而另外一些人则有一个小时的时间先吃午饭，这样当他们做实验的时候，一半是处于饥饿状态的，而另一半是刚吃饱的”，由此可见拉德尔故意设计了推迟以达到将参与实验者分组的目的，故选C。
题干意为“为什么屏幕上的80个单词闪现的特别快而且字号非常小？为了确保参与实验者没有时间清醒地思考。”短文第四段第三句提到“这些单词以非常小的字号闪现，这样学生就只能有意识地感知它们”，故选D。
题干意为“拉德尔的实验发现饥饿的人对与食物有关的词比饱腹的人更敏感。”短文第五段第一句提到“饥饿的人看到与食物有关的词觉得更明亮，而且他们能更好地识别这些词”，故选A。
题干意为“从拉德尔的话可以看出人类可以不经过深入思考的过程就能感知他们需要的东西。”短文最后两段提到拉德尔认为，饥饿的人和饱腹的人对单词的不同反应区别在于感知过程而不是思考过程。“人类真的可以感知他们需要或者努力争取的东西”，故选C。 -
第17题：
We can make mistakes at any age.Some mistakes we make are about money.But most mistakes?are about people."Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen?When I got that great job,did Jim really feel good about it,as a friend?Or did he envy my luck?"When we look back,doubts?like these can make us feel bad.But when we look back,it′s too late.
Why do we go wrong about our friends or our enemies?Sometimes what people say hides their?real meaning.And if we don′t really listen closely we miss the feeling behind the words.Suppose?someone tells you,"You′re a lucky dog."That′s being friendly.But"lucky dog"?There′s a bit?of envy in those words.Maybe he doesn′t see it himself.But bringing in the"dog"puts you down a?little.What he may be saying is that he doesn′t think you deserve your luck.
"Just think of all the things you have to be thankful for"is another noise that says one thing and?means another.It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole.But is be?Wrapped up in this phrase is the thought that your problem isn′t important.It′s telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven′t got a date for Saturday night.How can you tell the real meaning behind someone′s words?One way is to take a good look at?the person talking.Do his words fit the way he looks?Does what he says agree with the tone of?voice?His posture?The look in his eyes?Stop and think.The minute you spend thinking about the?real meaning of what people say to you may save another mistake.
According to the author′,the reason why we go wrong about our friends is thatA.we fail to listen carefully when they talk
B.people tend to be annoyed when we check what they say
C.people usually state one thing but mean another
D.we tend to doubt What.our friends say答案：C解析：【考情点拨】推理判断题。【应试指导】由第二段第二句及第三段首句可知，有时人们所说的话掩饰了其真实含义，而且言不由衷。故选C。 -
第18题：
资料：When we see well，we do not think about our eyes very often. It is only when we cannot see perfectly that we realize how important our eyes are.
People who are near-sighted can only see things that are very close to their eyes，Everything else seems blurry（=unclear）.Many people who do a lot of work，such as writing，reading and sewing become near-sighted.
People who are far-sighted suffer from just the opposite problem. They can see things that are far away，but they have difficulty in reading a book unless they hold it at arm’s length. If they want to do much reading，they must get glasses，too.
Other people do not see clearly because their eyes are not exactly the right shape. They have what is called astigmatism. This，too，can be corrected by glasses. Some people’s eyes become cloudy because of cataracts. Long ago these people often became blind. Now，however，it is possible to operate on the cataracts and remove them.
Having two good eyes is important for judging distances. Each eye sees things from a slightly different angle. To prove this to yourself，look at an object out of one eye；Then look at the same object out of your other eye. You will find the object’s relation to the background and other things around it has changed. The difference between these two different eye views helps us to judge how far away an object is. People who have only one eye cannot judge distance as people with two eyes.
When things far away seem indistinct， one is probably______.A.astigmatic
B.far-sighted
C.suffering from cataracts
D.near-sighted答案：D解析：本题考查的是细节理解。
【关键词】things far away；indistinct
【主题句】第2自然段People who are near-sighted can only see things that are very close to their eyes，Everything else seems blurry（=unclear）. 近视的人只能看到非常接近他们眼睛的东西，其他一切看起来都很模糊（=不清楚）。
【解析】本题的问题是“当远处的东西看起来模糊不清时，可能就是？”A选项“散光”；B选项“远视”；C选项“患有白内障”；D选项“近视”。根据主题句，看不清远方的东西，应当是患有近视，故D选项正确。 -
第19题：
共用题干
Intelligent Machines
1 Medical scientists are already putting computer chips（芯片）directly into the brain to help people
who have Parkinson's disease,but in what other ways might computer technology be able to help us?Ray
Kurzweil is the author of the successful book The Age of Intelligent Machines and is one of the world's best
computer research scientists.He is researching the possibilities.
2 Kurzweil gets computers to recognize voices.An example of this is Ramona, the virtual（虚拟的）
hostess of Kurzweil's homepage,who is programmed to understand what you say.Visitors to the site can have
their conversations with her,and Ramona also dances and sings.
3 Kurzweil uses this technology to help people with physical disabilities.One of his ideas is a"seeing
machine".This will be"like a friend that could describe what is going on in the visible world,"he explains.
Blind people will use a visual sensor（探测器）which will probably be built into a pair of sunglasses.This
sensor will describe to the person everything it sees.
4 Another idea,which is likely to help deaf people,is the"listening machine".This invention will
recognize millions of words and understand any speaker.The listening machine will also be able to translate
other languages,so even people without hearing problems are likely to be interested in using it.
5 But it is not just about helping people with disabilities.Looking further into the future,Kurzweil sees
a time when we will be able to download our entire consciousness into a computer.This technology probably
won't be ready for at least 50 years,but when it arrives,it means our minds will be able to live forever.Paragraph5__________
A:A New Pair of Ears
B:Compuers that can Communicate
C:Everlasting Consciousness in a Computer
D:Time to Break Off a Friendship
E:An Author and Researecher
F:A New Pair of Eyes答案：C解析：短文第二段所举的例子说“她经设置可以理解你所说的话。网站的访问者可以和她谈 话，Ramona也会跳舞、唱歌”。因此“能够交流的计算机”这一标题概括了本段大意。
短文第三段主要阐述的是视觉机器，如“这机器像一个朋友一样，能够描述有形世界里 正在发生的事情……该传感器将向佩戴者描述它看到的一切”。因此F项内容概括了本段 大意。
短文第四段主要阐述的是听觉机器，因此A项内容概括了本段大意。
短文第五段主要谈到“我们将能把所有意识下载到电脑里……这意味着我们的头脑能 够永远活下去”。因此C项内容概括了本段大意。
短文第三段和第四段分别提到“Kurzweil uses this technology to help people with physical disabilities”和“Another idea ,which is likely to help deaf people"。因此E项内容符合文章大意。
短文第二段提到“who is programmed to understand what you say"。因此A项内容“你所 说的话”符合文章大意。
短文第三段提到“Blind people will use a visual sensor which will probably be built into a pair of sunglasses"。因此B项内容符合文章大意。
短文第四段提到“The listening machine will also be able to translate other languages, so even people without hearing problems are likely to be interested in using it"。因此C项内容符合文 章大意。第4部分：阅读理解第一篇 短文讲的是英国单人帆船手Ellen MacArthur是如何取得成功的。 -
第20题：
共用题干
Intelligent Machines
1 Medical scientists are already putting computer chips（芯片）directly into the brain to help people
who have Parkinson's disease,but in what other ways might computer technology be able to help us?Ray
Kurzweil is the author of the successful book The Age of Intelligent Machines and is one of the world's best
computer research scientists.He is researching the possibilities.
2 Kurzweil gets computers to recognize voices.An example of this is Ramona, the virtual（虚拟的）
hostess of Kurzweil's homepage,who is programmed to understand what you say.Visitors to the site can have
their conversations with her,and Ramona also dances and sings.
3 Kurzweil uses this technology to help people with physical disabilities.One of his ideas is a"seeing
machine".This will be"like a friend that could describe what is going on in the visible world,"he explains.
Blind people will use a visual sensor（探测器）which will probably be built into a pair of sunglasses.This
sensor will describe to the person everything it sees.
4 Another idea,which is likely to help deaf people,is the"listening machine".This invention will
recognize millions of words and understand any speaker.The listening machine will also be able to translate
other languages,so even people without hearing problems are likely to be interested in using it.
5 But it is not just about helping people with disabilities.Looking further into the future,Kurzweil sees
a time when we will be able to download our entire consciousness into a computer.This technology probably
won't be ready for at least 50 years,but when it arrives,it means our minds will be able to live forever.Ramona is able to understand_________.
A:what you say
B:a pair of sunglasses
C:the listening machine
D:a visual sensor
E:who have disabilities
F:living forever in a computer答案：A解析：短文第二段所举的例子说“她经设置可以理解你所说的话。网站的访问者可以和她谈 话，Ramona也会跳舞、唱歌”。因此“能够交流的计算机”这一标题概括了本段大意。
短文第三段主要阐述的是视觉机器，如“这机器像一个朋友一样，能够描述有形世界里 正在发生的事情……该传感器将向佩戴者描述它看到的一切”。因此F项内容概括了本段 大意。
短文第四段主要阐述的是听觉机器，因此A项内容概括了本段大意。
短文第五段主要谈到“我们将能把所有意识下载到电脑里……这意味着我们的头脑能 够永远活下去”。因此C项内容概括了本段大意。
短文第三段和第四段分别提到“Kurzweil uses this technology to help people with physical disabilities”和“Another idea ,which is likely to help deaf people"。因此E项内容符合文章大意。
短文第二段提到“who is programmed to understand what you say"。因此A项内容“你所 说的话”符合文章大意。
短文第三段提到“Blind people will use a visual sensor which will probably be built into a pair of sunglasses"。因此B项内容符合文章大意。
短文第四段提到“The listening machine will also be able to translate other languages, so even people without hearing problems are likely to be interested in using it"。因此C项内容符合文 章大意。第4部分：阅读理解第一篇 短文讲的是英国单人帆船手Ellen MacArthur是如何取得成功的。 -
第21题：
共用题干
Intelligent Machines
1 Medical scientists are already putting computer chips（芯片）directly into the brain to help people
who have Parkinson's disease,but in what other ways might computer technology be able to help us?Ray
Kurzweil is the author of the successful book The Age of Intelligent Machines and is one of the world's best
computer research scientists.He is researching the possibilities.
2 Kurzweil gets computers to recognize voices.An example of this is Ramona, the virtual（虚拟的）
hostess of Kurzweil's homepage,who is programmed to understand what you say.Visitors to the site can have
their conversations with her,and Ramona also dances and sings.
3 Kurzweil uses this technology to help people with physical disabilities.One of his ideas is a"seeing
machine".This will be"like a friend that could describe what is going on in the visible world,"he explains.
Blind people will use a visual sensor（探测器）which will probably be built into a pair of sunglasses.This
sensor will describe to the person everything it sees.
4 Another idea,which is likely to help deaf people,is the"listening machine".This invention will
recognize millions of words and understand any speaker.The listening machine will also be able to translate
other languages,so even people without hearing problems are likely to be interested in using it.
5 But it is not just about helping people with disabilities.Looking further into the future,Kurzweil sees
a time when we will be able to download our entire consciousness into a computer.This technology probably
won't be ready for at least 50 years,but when it arrives,it means our minds will be able to live forever.Ray Kurzweil works with computers to help people_________.
A:what you say
B:a pair of sunglasses
C:the listening machine
D:a visual sensor
E:who have disabilities
F:living forever in a computer答案：E解析：短文第二段所举的例子说“她经设置可以理解你所说的话。网站的访问者可以和她谈 话，Ramona也会跳舞、唱歌”。因此“能够交流的计算机”这一标题概括了本段大意。
短文第三段主要阐述的是视觉机器，如“这机器像一个朋友一样，能够描述有形世界里 正在发生的事情……该传感器将向佩戴者描述它看到的一切”。因此F项内容概括了本段 大意。
短文第四段主要阐述的是听觉机器，因此A项内容概括了本段大意。
短文第五段主要谈到“我们将能把所有意识下载到电脑里……这意味着我们的头脑能 够永远活下去”。因此C项内容概括了本段大意。
短文第三段和第四段分别提到“Kurzweil uses this technology to help people with physical disabilities”和“Another idea ,which is likely to help deaf people"。因此E项内容符合文章大意。
短文第二段提到“who is programmed to understand what you say"。因此A项内容“你所 说的话”符合文章大意。
短文第三段提到“Blind people will use a visual sensor which will probably be built into a pair of sunglasses"。因此B项内容符合文章大意。
短文第四段提到“The listening machine will also be able to translate other languages, so even people without hearing problems are likely to be interested in using it"。因此C项内容符合文 章大意。第4部分：阅读理解第一篇 短文讲的是英国单人帆船手Ellen MacArthur是如何取得成功的。 -
第22题：
共用题干
第二篇
When Our Eyes Serve Our Stomach
Our senses aren't just delivering a strict view of what'5 going on in the world;they're affected by
what's going on in our heads.A new study finds that hungry people see food-related words more clearly than
people who'ye just eaten.
Psychologists have known for decades that what’。going on inside our heads affects our senses.For example,
poorer children think coins are larger than they are,and hungry people think pictures of food are brighter.
Remi Radel of University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis,France,wanted to investigate how this happens.Does it
happen right away as the brain receives signals from the eyes or a little later as the brain's high-level thinking
processes get involved?
Radel recruited 42 students with a normal body mass（质量）index.On the day of his or her test,each
student was told to arrive at the lab at noon after three or four hours of not eating.Then they were told there
was a delay.Some were told to come back in 10 minutes;others were given an hour to get lunch first.So half
the students were hungry when they did the experiment and the other half had just eaten.
For the experiment, the participant looked at a computer screen.One by one,80 words flashed on the
screen for about 1/300th of a second each.They flashed at so small a size that the studentsc o111d only con-
sciously perceive - A quarter of the words were food-related.After each word,each person was asked how
bright the word was and asked to choose which of two words they'd seen一a food-related word like cake or a
neutral（中性的）word like boat. Each word appeared too briefly for the participant to really read it.
Hungry people saw the food-related words as brighter and were better at identifying food-related words.
Because the word appeared too quickly for them to be reliably seen,this means that the difference is in per-
ception,not in thinking processes,Radel says.
"This is something great to me.Humans can really perceive what they need or what they strive（奋斗）
for. From the experiment, I know that our brain can really be at the disposal（处理）of our motives（动机）
and needs,"Radel says.Radel's experiment discovered that hungry people_______.
A:were more sensitive to food-related words than stomach-full people
B:were better at identifying neutral words
C:were always thinking of food-related words
D:saw every word more clearly than stomach-full people答案：A解析：A项是第二段第一句话中“.what' s going on inside our heads affects our heads affects our senses.”的同义表述，故选A。
答案的根据可在第二段找到。Radel为了保证42名学生到达实验室时是空腹的，所以 要求他们中午到达。然后告诉他们实验时间推迟了，请一部分学生10分钟后再来，请另外一 部分学生去用午餐，一个小时后再来。Radel用推迟实验的方法造就了两组实验者，即饥饿组 与饱食组。
由第四段中的“They flashed at so small a size that the studcnt, could only consciously per- ceive.（这些字如此小，那些学生只能有意识地注意到。）""Each word appeared too briefly for the participant to really read it.（每个字出现的时间如此短暂以至于参与者无法真正地读懂 它。）”可知A项错误，D项正确，因为受试者并非什么也注意不到，只是没时间来读懂这个词， 即没时间思考这个词到底是什么意思。B、C两项文中未提到，故排除。所以选D。
由倒数第二段首句“Hungry people saw the food-related words as brighter and were better at identifying food-related words.”可知答案。
最后一段第二句“Humans can really perceive what they need or what they strive for.”为选 择C项提供了依据。第三篇 本文讲述了芭蕾舞的起源和发展变化过程，介绍了芭蕾舞为适应时代变化石进行的改变。 -
第23题：
共用题干
第二篇
When Our Eyes Serve Our Stomach
Our senses aren't just delivering a strict view of what'5 going on in the world;they're affected by
what's going on in our heads.A new study finds that hungry people see food-related words more clearly than
people who'ye just eaten.
Psychologists have known for decades that what’。going on inside our heads affects our senses.For example,
poorer children think coins are larger than they are,and hungry people think pictures of food are brighter.
Remi Radel of University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis,France,wanted to investigate how this happens.Does it
happen right away as the brain receives signals from the eyes or a little later as the brain's high-level thinking
processes get involved?
Radel recruited 42 students with a normal body mass（质量）index.On the day of his or her test,each
student was told to arrive at the lab at noon after three or four hours of not eating.Then they were told there
was a delay.Some were told to come back in 10 minutes;others were given an hour to get lunch first.So half
the students were hungry when they did the experiment and the other half had just eaten.
For the experiment, the participant looked at a computer screen.One by one,80 words flashed on the
screen for about 1/300th of a second each.They flashed at so small a size that the studentsc o111d only con-
sciously perceive - A quarter of the words were food-related.After each word,each person was asked how
bright the word was and asked to choose which of two words they'd seen一a food-related word like cake or a
neutral（中性的）word like boat. Each word appeared too briefly for the participant to really read it.
Hungry people saw the food-related words as brighter and were better at identifying food-related words.
Because the word appeared too quickly for them to be reliably seen,this means that the difference is in per-
ception,not in thinking processes,Radel says.
"This is something great to me.Humans can really perceive what they need or what they strive（奋斗）
for. From the experiment, I know that our brain can really be at the disposal（处理）of our motives（动机）
and needs,"Radel says.There was a delay in Radel's experiment because______.
A:he needed more students to join
B:he didn't prepare enough food for the 42 students
C:he wanted two groups of participants,hungry and non-hungry
D:he didn't want to have the experiment at noon答案：C解析：A项是第二段第一句话中“.what' s going on inside our heads affects our heads affects our senses.”的同义表述，故选A。
答案的根据可在第二段找到。Radel为了保证42名学生到达实验室时是空腹的，所以 要求他们中午到达。然后告诉他们实验时间推迟了，请一部分学生10分钟后再来，请另外一 部分学生去用午餐，一个小时后再来。Radel用推迟实验的方法造就了两组实验者，即饥饿组 与饱食组。
由第四段中的“They flashed at so small a size that the studcnt, could only consciously per- ceive.（这些字如此小，那些学生只能有意识地注意到。）""Each word appeared too briefly for the participant to really read it.（每个字出现的时间如此短暂以至于参与者无法真正地读懂 它。）”可知A项错误，D项正确，因为受试者并非什么也注意不到，只是没时间来读懂这个词， 即没时间思考这个词到底是什么意思。B、C两项文中未提到，故排除。所以选D。
由倒数第二段首句“Hungry people saw the food-related words as brighter and were better at identifying food-related words.”可知答案。
最后一段第二句“Humans can really perceive what they need or what they strive for.”为选 择C项提供了依据。第三篇 本文讲述了芭蕾舞的起源和发展变化过程，介绍了芭蕾舞为适应时代变化石进行的改变。