问答题Practice 5 ：国家政策
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Practice 5 ：国家政策
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第1题：
问答题国家对实施国家免疫规划有哪些政策要求？正确答案： 《条例》中规定：
（1）国家实行有计划的预防接种制度，推行扩大免疫规划。
（2）县级以上人民政府应当将与国家免疫规划有关的预防接种工作纳入行政区域的国民经济和社会发展计划，对预防接种工作所需经费予以保障，保证达到国家免疫规划所要求的接种率，确保国家免疫规划的实施。
（3）省、自治区、直辖市人民政府根据行政区域传染病流行趋势，在国务院卫生主管部门确定的传染病预防、控制项目范围内，确定行政区域与预防接种相关的项目，并保证项目的实施。
（4）国务院卫生主管部门负责全国预防接种的监督管理工作。县级以上地方人民政府卫生主管部门负责行政区域内预防接种的监督管理工作；国务院药品监督管理部门负责全国疫苗的质量和流通的监督管理工作。省、自治区、直辖市人民政府药品监督管理部门负责行政区域内疫苗的质量和流通的监督管理工作。解析： 暂无解析 -
第2题：
问答题在财政政策方面，国家对林木种苗的政策支持有哪些？正确答案： 在财政政策方面，对品种选育、生产、示范推广、种质资源保护、种子储备以及制种大县给予扶持；将先进适用的制采种机械纳入农机具购臵补贴范围；国家加强种业公益性基础设施建设。解析： 暂无解析 -
第3题：
问答题试述发达国家和发展中国家的技术贸易政策。正确答案： 发达国家的技术贸易政策
（一） 鼓励政策
（1） 在税收、财政、信贷等方面采取一系列优惠政策，鼓励企业采用和传播新技术，积极参与技术贸易。
（2） 政府直接制定技术传播的政策，发达国家政府每年投入巨额研究与发展资金，采取与民间企业共同开发或资助民间企业开发高新科技产品的方法；政府还注重推进技术开发国际化。
（3） 制定科技咨询政策。大多数发达国家及企业建立了科技咨询网，健全了咨询管理系统。
（4） 制定技术教育政策。
（二） 限制政策工
业发达国家对技术出口的限制政策重点放在防止尖端技术，特别是可用于军事目的的技术外流上。
发展中国家的技术贸易政策
（一） 鼓励政策
（1） 建立良好的投资环境，设立各种结构和采取各种优惠政策，鼓励发达国家投资、设厂，促进外企带入先进、适用的技术。
（2） 对技术先进、本国急需项目给予优惠。
（3） 提供信息咨询服务。
（4） 给外国科技人员以优惠待遇，以引进人才来促进技术贸易和经济的发展。
（5） 采取措施，加强对引进技术的消化吸收。
（二） 限制政策
（1） 对引进技术进行技术分类，分轻重缓急，以不同的政策措施区别对待。
（2） 设立技术引进管理委员会审批引进技术项目。
（3） 制定各种标准 评估技术引进的水平。解析： 暂无解析 -
第4题：
问答题党的政策与国家的法律的区别正确答案： （1）从制度上看，法律是转化为国家意志的整个阶级统治的意志，制定法律的过程实际上是在统治阶级内部形成统一的阶级意志并转化为国家意志的过程；而党的政策虽代表了本阶级的利益和意志，但就其形成而言它只是党的意志的表现。（2）从实施上看，国家法律的实施有国家强制力作保证；而政党，即使是执政党的政策本身也不具有国家强制力。（3）从内容上看，法律是一种特殊的社会规范，其规范性要求明确、具体和肯定；而党的政策往往是方针性的规定和号召；其内容比较原则、抽象。（4）从相对稳定性上看，法律具有更高的稳定性；政策与法律而言，其稳定性相对较弱。解析： 暂无解析 -
第5题：
问答题Practice 5 科普科技正确答案： 【参考译文】
人脑平均有100亿个神经细胞,分为两个大致的半球,有时称右半脑和左半脑。//
大脑的两半球虽然就其大小和形状而言比较相像,却又各司其职。//
大多数人的左半球主要负责语言操作,左半脑的这种语言功能优势似乎在婴儿出生前便已存在。//
人脑的右半球掌管着视觉和空间技能,并负责对非语言声音以及音乐旋律的感知。
【录音原文】
The human brain which contains an average of ten billion nerve cells, is divided into two roughly symmetrical hemispheres, sometimes called right and left brains. //
The two sides of the brain, while fairly comparable in size and form, appear to specialize in handling various tasks.//
In most individuals, the left hemisphere has primary responsibility for language and this left brain dominance in linguistic functions appears to exit prior to birth.//
The right hemisphere, on the other hand, controls visual and spatial skills as well as the perception of nonlinguistic sounds and musical melodies.解析： 暂无解析 -
第6题：
问答题It"s no good learning English without practice.正确答案： 学英语不练是不行的。解析： 暂无解析 -
第7题：
问答题国家现行什么生育政策？正确答案： 鼓励公民晚婚晚育，提倡一对夫妻生育一个子女；符合法律、法规规定条件的，可以要求安排生育第二个子女。具体办法有省、自治区、直辖市人民代表大会或者其常务委员会规定。少数民族也要实行计划生育，具体办法有省、自治区、直辖市人民代表大会或者其常务委员会规定。解析： 暂无解析 -
第8题：
问答题Practice 5 (1) In order to learn a foreign language well, it is necessary to overcome the fear of making mistakes. If the primary goal of language use is communication, then mistakes are secondary considerations.正确答案：
要想学好一门外语,必须克服害怕犯错的恐惧。解析： 暂无解析 -
第9题：
问答题Practice 5 A: What is important when...? Choosing offices to rent ●Location ●Cost ●Facilities B: What is important when...? Choosing packaging for a new product ●Design of packaging ●Materials used ●Cost of packaging正确答案： 【参考范例】
If you choose A:
When choosing offices to rent, location is essential. To a certain extent, it is a symbol of a company’s status. I prefer CBD area for it is easier to communicate and exchange information with other companies in the area.
In addition, cost is another important aspect. If the cost is too high, it will add too much burden to the company. Therefore, the company may not be able to afford it, yet reasonable cost can be considered.
Furthermore, we should consider the facilities in the offices to be rent. Good facilities will allow employees to have a good mood and therefore work more efficiently. Before renting any offices, make sure all the facilities are in good condition.
If you choose B:
When choosing packaging for a new product, it is important to think about the design of it. Since the new product is unknown to people, packaging will reveal some information about the product. The style, pictures on the package should be designed according to the common taste of the target customers.
Moreover, materials used for packaging are also very important because the right material reveals the quality of the product. Apart from that. if the new product is positioned as gift, the package should be made smart enough.
Cost is basic matter. We sell a new product for profitability. The cost of packaging constitutes part of the cost of the product. If a product is priced higher than the potential consumers’ purchasing-power, few people will buy it.解析： 暂无解析 -
第10题：
问答题Practice 5 ：国家政策正确答案： 【参考译文】
Family planning and environmental protection, as China's basic state policies, are vital to the improvement of people's life. With a large population and relative insufficiency of natural resources, China suffers an increasingly outstanding disparity between economic development on the one hand and natural resources and the environment on the other. Therefore, we should improve prenatal and postnatal care and foster physical fitness among the population. //
We should exploit our natural resources more rationally and make use of them in an integrated manner. We must correctly handle the relationships between the economic development on the one hand, and the population growth, the natural resources exploitation/consumption and the environmental protection on the other. We should do our best to protect and improve our ecological environment, so as to ensure that our economic development will not only meet the current needs of this generation, but benefit future generations as well.
【录音原文】
计划生育和环境保护是我国的基本国策,也是提高人民生活质量的重要条件。我国人口众多,自然资源相对不足,经济发展与资源和环境的矛盾日益突出。因此,我们要加强优生优育工作,提高人口素质。//
我们应该合理开发并且综合利用自然资源,正确处理我国经济发展与人口增长、资源开发和环境保护的关系。我们要努力保护和改善生态环境,使经济发展既满足当代人的需要,又造福子后代。解析： 暂无解析 -
第11题：
问答题Practice 5Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Diploma Craze. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.正确答案：
【参考范文】
Diploma Craze Nowadays employers lay too much emphasis on their candidates’ educational backgrounds. As a result, more and more students are trying their best to get all kinds of diplomas.
Usually students pursue further study in order to learn more knowledge and skills, while now some students continue their study mainly to get diplomas. This phenomenon does considerable harm to society. Students aiming at diplomas will not study hard, and they just try to get by in exams, which have a negative effect on the academic atmosphere in college.
There is one effective way to deal with the problem. That is, employers should put more attention to their candidates’ abilities. They may ask the candidates to complete a certain task so as to test their abilities. In this way, only the really competent candidates have opportunities to get employed. And people will be aware that diplomas alone do not work.解析：
【范文点评】
文章第一段概述现在公司看重文凭，这导致了学生追求文凭而不看重学业的现象的产生。第二段分析了这一现状造成的后果。最后作者提出建议，公司在聘用人才时应该更看重他们的个人能力而不是文凭。 -
第12题：
问答题Practice 2 环保卫生正确答案： 【参考译文】
China has made environmental protection one of its basic national policies, regarding it as an important strategy in the realization of sustained economic development.//
As a member of the international community, China has taken an active part in international environmental protection affairs and tried her best to promote international cooperation in environmental protection.//
Mankind still faces many difficulties in solving the problems of the environment and development. Every country is confronted with the dual task of the developing the economy and protecting the environment.//
China will, as always, cooperate with other countries of the world and strive for the protection of the environment for human survival, for the happiness and prosperity of humanity.
【录音原文】
环境保护是中国的一项基本国策,是实现经济持续发展一项重要战略。//
中国作为国际社会中的成员,积极参与国际环保事务,努力促进国际环保合作。//
人类在解决环境与发展问题上仍然面临着大量的难题,每个国家都面临着发展经济与保护环境的双重任务。//
中国将一如既往,与其他国家合作,为保护我们的生存环境,为人类的幸福和繁荣而奋斗。解析： 暂无解析 -
第13题：
问答题Practice 1 Task: Identifying oneself; identifying things/people; passing on information.正确答案： Interlocutor:
Good morning (afternoon). My name is... and this is my colleague... He / She is just going to be listening to us.
And your names are.., and... ?
Would you tell me your candidate numbers so I can check them, please?
Thank you.
(Hand over the mark sheets to the assessor)
First of all we’d like to know something about you, Candidate A, so I’m going to ask you some questions.
T: What’s your job?
A: I’m a professional.
T: Do you enjoy shopping? Why/Why not?
A: Yes, I’m crazy about it. I like seeing different things and it can help me kill time.
T: Do you often give somebody a gift?
A: Yes, very often.
T: What do you consider when you prepare a gift for him?
A: His likes and dislikes and the price.
T: Where do you usually shop? Why?
A: The department store. There’s so much variety there. I can usually find what I’m looking for.
T: Do you buy things every time?
A: No, sometimes I just go window shopping, or wander round a shop and look at the things on display and nobody bothers me.
Interlocutor:
Thank you. Now we’d like to know something about you, Candidate B, so I’m going to ask you some questions.
T: Do you like watching advertisement on TV?
B: No, when there is an advertisement on the screen, I usually switch to another channel without ads.
T: Why do the producers advertise?
B: They want to make their products known to people and make them buy their products.
T: Do you usually go shopping?
B: Only sometimes. I think it’s a waste of time when you decide whether to buy.解析： 暂无解析 -
第14题：
问答题Practice 4 社会生活正确答案： 【参考译文】
野营,作为一种更为便宜、更为自由的度假方式,已成为越来越多的年轻人所钟爱的户外活动。//
事实上,现代化的营地所具有的设施可以满足野营者的基本需求。//
最使动心的不是低廉的花费和自由的程度,而是贴近自然的野外生活。//
野营使我们的城市生活方式起了真正的变化。在一年珍贵的几天里,我们采纳了一种新生活方式。这才是真正意义上的娱乐和享受。
【录音原文】
Camping as a cheaper and freer way of spending a holiday has become the great pursuit of outdoor activity among an increasing number of young people. //
As a matter of fact, modern camping sites are well equipped with facilities which will meet the basic needs of campers. //
What attracts young people most is not the low cost and freedom, but the closeness to nature when living in the wilderness. //
Camping provides us with a real change from our urban way of life. For a few precious days in the year, we adopt a new way of life, which is the essence of real recreation and enjoyment.解析： 暂无解析 -
第15题：
问答题Practice 3 ：发言致辞正确答案： 【参考译文】
我很高兴能向建校60周年的贵校表示问候。贵校是一所名校,已经培养了6万多名外语专业人才,包括许多联合国译员。他们运用自己的技能跨越语言和文化障碍,促进交流。毕业生中还有成百上千的外交官,他们一直致力于不断加强中国与世界各国的联系,增进中国与世界各国的了解。//
确实,文明历来都是通过知识交流而得到充实,无论是在科学、文化还是在经济领域,都是如此。在全球化和信息高速传递的时代,知识和进步之间的联系更加紧密了。知识是发展、社会进步和人类自由的关键因素,在任何领域中,必须允许知识跨越国家界限。知识本身必须全球化。你们正在为实现这个目标而努力,这是十分令人高兴的。
【录音原文】
It gives me great pleasure to send my greetings to your university on the 60th anniversary of its founding. Your esteemed institution has trained more than 60,000 specialists in foreign languages, including many United Nations interpreters and translators, who have used their skills to facilitate communication across linguistic and cultural barriers. Graduates of the University also include hundreds of diplomats, who have worked to build stronger ties and better understanding between China and the world.//
Indeed, civilizations have always been enriched by the exchange of knowledge, whether in the scientific, cultural and economic spheres. In an era of globalization and high-speed communication, the relationship between knowledge and progress has become even stronger. As a key ingredient in development, social progress and human freedom, knowledge in all fields must be allowed to reach across nations. Knowledge itself must be globalized It is gratifying to know that the University is doing its part in this endeavor. 解析： 暂无解析 -
第16题：
问答题Practice 2正确答案： (1) The couple is looking into the window, so they may buy some products.
(2) Goods are displayed in the window so that people can see them.
(3) It’s so early, because you can see the sun is shining on the window, and people have long shadows.
(4)The couple has been looking into the window for so long a time.
(5)I can see that the window is so shiny.解析： 暂无解析 -
第17题：
问答题The doctor will get more practice out of me than out of ten ordinary patients.正确答案： 医生从我身上得到的实践会比从10个普通病人身上得到的还要多。解析： 暂无解析 -
第18题：
问答题Practice 5 The interview—about 3 minutes In this part the interlocutor asks questions to each of the candidates in turn. You have to give information about yourself and express personal opinions.正确答案： 【参考范例】
(Interlocutor: I, Candidate A: A, Candidate B: B)
I: How many people are there in your family, B?
B: Three. There are three people in my family. You may know the only-child policy. I have no brother or sister. I stay with my parents. I’m the only son.
I: Have you been abroad, A?
A: Last year I went to Singapore for sightseeing.
I: And what impression has Singapore left on you?
A: Oh, it is a big question…let me think… when I set foot on it, I found it was really a wonderful city state, but I was a stranger and just couldn’t get accustomed to the food there. After a while, I felt quite at home because I found the people there down-to-earth more or less and quite friendly. Now, the life there becomes a good memory.
I: B, have you received any training regarding International Trade?
B: Even though I don’t have any experience in International trade, I have received the training in the International Trading Center and learned how to write business letters, read L/C, talk with foreign buyers in English and make shipping documents.解析： 暂无解析 -
第19题：
问答题国家对侨汇的政策是什么？正确答案： 1955年2月23日，国务院签发了《关于贯彻保护侨汇政策的命令》：
一、侨汇是侨眷的合法收入，国家保护侨汇政策不仅是国家当前的政策，而且是国家的长远政策。
二、在动员侨眷参加各种合作社，进行爱国储蓄，购买公债时，必须贯彻完全自愿的原则。任何个人或团体不得向侨眷强迫借贷，不得积压侨汇，不得擅自检查侨批和以任何借口变相侵犯侨汇。凡有侵犯侨汇事情发生，必须分别情节论处；对于有意挪用、侵吞、冒领、盗取侨汇和敲诈侨眷的不法分子，必须依法制裁。
三、侨眷有使用侨汇的自由，任何人对侨眷把侨汇用于生活方面，包括用于举办婚、丧、喜、庆等事，不得干涉。
四、国家鼓励华侨和侨眷把侨汇投入生产或者向国家投资公司入股，同时鼓励华侨、侨眷修建房屋，各级地方国家行政机关对此应给予便利。华侨素来热心家乡公益事业，如兴办学校医院、兴修水利、造桥、修路等，各级地方国家行政机关对此应表关怀，并给予指导、帮助，必要时予以表扬。解析： 暂无解析 -
第20题：
问答题Practice 5 国际关系正确答案： 【参考译文】
With the development of China's opening up to the outside world, global media magnates have flocked China. By now, almost all major global groups have established a certain presence in the Chinese market. //
CNN established its own program production center in Hong Kong; and News Corp. has introduced Phoenix Satellite TV Channel onto the mainland. //
According to China's pledges made to the Wonton-news foreign programs will eventually be permitted to broadcast in the country. //
People are paying close attention to global media magnates’ business expansion in China since it will have impact not only on domestic media development but, to some extent, the whole mass media atmosphere and public opinion.
【录音原文】
随着改革开放的进一步深入,世界环球媒体巨头蜂拥至中国。至今,几乎所有主要环球媒体集团已经进驻中国市场。//
美国有线新闻网在香港成立了自己的节目制作中心;该新闻公司已将凤凰卫视频道引进中国内地。//
根据中国对世贸组织的承诺,非新闻类外国节目将最终被允许在国内播出。//
人们对环球媒体巨头在中国拓展业务极为关注。这不仅关系到国内媒体事业的发展,对整个新闻氛围和舆论导向也将产生一定的影响。解析： 暂无解析