单选题One possible reason why women have better memories than men is that _____.A they have a wider range of interestsB they are more reliant on the environmentC they have an unusual power of focusing their attentionD they are more interested in what’s happe
题目
单选题
One possible reason why women have better memories than men is that _____.
A
they have a wider range of interests
B
they are more reliant on the environment
C
they have an unusual power of focusing their attention
D
they are more interested in what’s happening around them
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更多“单选题One possible reason why women have better memories than men is that _____.A they have a wider range of interestsB they are more reliant on the environmentC they have an unusual power of focusing their attentionD they are more interested in what’s happe”相关问题
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第1题：
which of the following statements is not true about maori population?
A. Maori population makes up nearly one-seventh of New Zealand s total population.
B. Maori population is younger than the total population.
C. Non-Maori women tend to have children earlier than Maori women.
D. Maori women tend to have more children than non-Maori women.
参考答案：C
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第2题：
It is possible to have more than one(75) open in Word at the same time.
A．text
B．process
C．block
D．document
正确答案：D
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第3题：
题干：Most episodes of absent-mindedness--forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room--are caused by a simple lack of attention, says Schacter. "You&39;re sup-posed to remember something, but you haven&39;t encoded it deeply." Encoding, Schacter explains, is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impact on recalling it later. Failure to encode properly can create annoying situations. If you put your mobile phone in a pocket, for example, and don&39;t pay attention to what you did because you&39;re involved in a conversation, you&39;ll probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in your wardrobe (衣柜). "Your memory itself isn&39;t failing you," says Schacter. "Rather, you didn&39;t give your memory system the information.it needed." Lack of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness. "A man who can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago," says Zehnski, "may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox." Women have slightly better memories than men, possibly because they pay more attention to their environ-ment, and memory relies on just that. Visual cues can help prevent absent-mindedness, says Schacter. "But be sure the cue is clear and available," he cautions. If you want to remember to take a medication (药物) with lunch, put the pill bottle on the kitchen table--don&39;t leave it in the medicine chest and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket. Another common episode of absent-mindedness: walking into a room and wondering why you&39;re there, Most likely, you were thinking about something else. "Everyone does this from time to time,"says Zelinski. The best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room, and you&39;ll likely remember.
问题：Why does the author think that encoding properly is very important?
A.It helps us understand our memory system better.
B. It enables us to recall something form our memory.
C. It expands our memory capacity considerably.
D.It slows down the process of losing our memory.
One possible reason why women have better memories than men is thatA.they have a wider range of interests
B.they are more reliant on the environment
C.they have an unusual power of focusing their attention
D.they are more interested in what's happening around them
??One possible reason why women have better memories than men is that
??A.they have a wider range of interests
B.they are more reliant on the environment
C.they have an unusual power of focusing their attention
D.they are more interested in what's happening around them
请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！
问题 1 答案解析：B
细节题。根据第二段第一句可知encoding可以使我们回忆起发生过的事件。其原理是对发生事件加以特殊关注，在四个选项中只有B选项与原文意思一致。
问题 2 答案解析：D。
细节题。根据第三段第三句可知女性比男性记忆力好可能是因为她们对周围的环境更加注意，而记忆恰恰有赖于此。结合原文可以先排除A和B;C强调注意力的集中，D强调对周围发生的事情感兴趣，根据本段第一句可知缺少兴趣会导致心不在焉，全段内容都是围绕它来展开的，由此可知D选项概括最准确。
问题 3 答案解析：D
??细节题。根据第三段第三句可知女性比男性记忆力好可能是因为她们对周围的环境更加注意，而记忆恰恰有赖于此。结合原文可以先排除A和B;C强调注意力的集中，D强调对周围发生的事情感兴趣，根据本段第一句可知缺少兴趣会导致心不在焉，全段内容都是围绕它来展开的，由此可知D选项概括最准确。?? -
第4题：
Beauty has always been regarded as something praise worthy. Almost everyone thinks attractive people are happier and healthier, have better marriages and have more respectable occupations. Personal consultants give them better advice for finding jobs. Even judges are softer on attractive defendants (被告). But in the executive circle, beauty can become a liability.
While attractiveness is a positive factor for a man on his way up the executive ladder, it is harmful to a woman.
Handsome male executives were thought as having more integrity than plainer men; effort and ability were thought to account for their success.
Attractive female executives were considered to have less integrity than unattractive ones; their success was attributed not to ability but to factors such as luck.
All unattractive women executives were thought to have more integrity and to be more capable than the attractive female executives. Interestingly, though, the rise of the unattractive overnight successes was attributed more to personal relationships and less to ability than that of attractive overnight successes.
Why are attractive women not thought to be able? An attractive woman is thought to be more feminine and an attractive man more masculine (有男子气概的) than the less attractive ones. Thus, an attractive woman has an advantage in traditionally female jobs, but an attractive woman in a traditionally masculine position appears to lack the "masculine" qualities required.
This is true even in politics. ′When the only clue is how he or she looks, people treat men and women differently,′ says Anne Bowman, who recently published a study on the effects of attractiveness on political candidates. She asked 125 undergraduate students to rank two groups of photographs, one of men and one of women, in order of attractiveness. The students were told the photographs were of candidates for political offices. They were asked to rank them again, in the order they would vote for them.
The results showed that attractive males utterly defeated unattractive men, but the women who had been ranked most attractive invariably received the fewest votes.
It can be inferred from the passage that people′ s views on beauty are often ____________.A.practical
B.supportive
C.old-fashioned
D.one-sided答案：D解析：推断题。由文章第一段可知，几乎每个人都认为有魅力的人会更幸福、更健康。他们的婚姻更美满，并且拥有更令人尊敬的职业。在找工作方面，私人顾问会给他们更好的建议。甚至法官对于有魅力的被告都会手下留情。由此可推出，人们对美的看法往往是带有偏见的，是缺乏事实依据的。故选D，one-sided“有偏见的”。 -
第5题：
Beauty has always been regarded as something praise worthy. Almost everyone thinks attractive people are happier and healthier, have better marriages and have more respectable occupations. Personal consultants give them better advice for finding jobs. Even judges are softer on attractive defendants (被告). But in the executive circle, beauty can become a liability.
While attractiveness is a positive factor for a man on his way up the executive ladder, it is harmful to a woman.
Handsome male executives were thought as having more integrity than plainer men; effort and ability were thought to account for their success.
Attractive female executives were considered to have less integrity than unattractive ones; their success was attributed not to ability but to factors such as luck.
All unattractive women executives were thought to have more integrity and to be more capable than the attractive female executives. Interestingly, though, the rise of the unattractive overnight successes was attributed more to personal relationships and less to ability than that of attractive overnight successes.
Why are attractive women not thought to be able? An attractive woman is thought to be more feminine and an attractive man more masculine (有男子气概的) than the less attractive ones. Thus, an attractive woman has an advantage in traditionally female jobs, but an attractive woman in a traditionally masculine position appears to lack the "masculine" qualities required.
This is true even in politics. ′When the only clue is how he or she looks, people treat men and women differently,′ says Anne Bowman, who recently published a study on the effects of attractiveness on political candidates. She asked 125 undergraduate students to rank two groups of photographs, one of men and one of women, in order of attractiveness. The students were told the photographs were of candidates for political offices. They were asked to rank them again, in the order they would vote for them.
The results showed that attractive males utterly defeated unattractive men, but the women who had been ranked most attractive invariably received the fewest votes.
Bowman′ s experiment reveals that when it comes to politics, attractiveness ____________.A.turns out to be an obstacle to men
B.is more of an obstacle than an advantage to women
C.affects men and women alike
D.has as little effect on men as on women答案：B解析：推断题。由文章最后一段可知，有魅力的男性彻底击败了缺乏魅力的男性。而那些被认为最有魅力的女性常常得到最少的选票。由此可推出，在政界，对于女性来说，魅力是一个障碍，而不是优势。故选B。 -
第6题：
共用题干
1.All research to date on body image shows that women are much more critical of their appearance than men and much less likely to admire what they see in the mirror. Up to 8 out of 10 women are dissatisfied with their reflection,and more than half may see a distorted image.
2.Men looking in the mirror are more likely to be either pleased with what they see or indifferent. Research shows that men generally have a much more positive body-image than women一if anything,they may tend to over-estimate their attractiveness.Some men looking in the mirror may literally not see the flaws in their appearance.
3.Why are women too much more self-critical than men?Because women are judged on their appearance more than men,and standards of female beauty are considerably higher and more inflexible.Women are continually bombarded with images of the inflexible.Women are continually bombarded with images of the"ideal"face.And constant exposure to idealized images of female beauty on TV,magazines and billboards makes exceptional good looks seem normal and anything short of perfection seem abnormal and ugly.It has been estimated that young women now see more images of outstandingly beautiful women in one day than our mothers saw throughout their entire adolescence.
4.Also,most women are trying to achieve the impossible:standards of female beauty have in fact become progressively more unrealistic during the last century.In 1917,the physically perfect woman was about 5 feet 4 inches tall and weighed nearly 10 stone（约140磅）.Even 25 years ago, top models and beauty queens weighed only 8% less than the average woman,now they weigh 23% less.The current media ideal for women is achievable by less than 5% of the female population一and that's just in terms of weight and size.If you want the ideal shape,face,etc, it's probably more like 1%.Paragraph 4_________
A:How do men view their appearance?
B:How can women make themselves more beautiful?
C:Why do men and women view their appearance differently?
D:Is it possible for women to meet the standards of perfect beauty?
E:How do people judge women and men?
F: How do women view their appearance?答案：D解析：本题考查的是对所读材料的大意和主旨的掌握。本段主要讲的是女性对自己的外貌持挑剔态度。
本题考查的是对所读材料的大意和主旨的掌握。本段主要讲的是和女性相比，男性对自己的外貌更为肯定和自信。
本题考查的是对所读材料的大意和主旨的掌握。本段主要讲的是男女之所以对自己的外貌会有如此不同看法的原因。该段第一句即为主题句。
本题考查的是对所读材料的大意和主旨的掌握。本段主要讲的是想成为一位不论是身材还是脸蛋都很“完美”的女性的概率非常之小。该段第一句是本段的主题句。
本题考查的是对阐述文章的主旨事实与细节的了解。依据是第二段最后一句：Some men looking in the mirror may literally not see the flaws in their appearance．有些男性照镜子时甚至看不到自己外貌中的瑕疵。
本题考查的是对阐述文章的主旨事实与细节的了解。依据是第三段第二句：Because women are judged on their appearance more than men,and standards of female beauty are considerably higher and more inflexible．因为和男性相比，人们更多的是用外表来对女性进行判断，女性美的标准也更高，更为恒定不变。
本题考查的是对阐述文章的主旨事实与细节的了解。依据是第四段第一句：Also,most women are trying to achieve the impossible:standards of female beauty have in fact become progressively more unrealistic during the last century．再者，大多数女性努力想要实现不可能的事情：女性美的标准实际上在上个世纪已将变得越来越不切实际。
本题考查的是对阐述文章的主旨事实与细节的了解。依据是最后一段最后一句：If you want the ideal shape , face , etc , it's probably more like 1%. -
第7题：
共用题干
1.All research to date on body image shows that women are much more critical of their appearance than men and much less likely to admire what they see in the mirror. Up to 8 out of 10 women are dissatisfied with their reflection,and more than half may see a distorted image.
2.Men looking in the mirror are more likely to be either pleased with what they see or indifferent. Research shows that men generally have a much more positive body-image than women一if anything,they may tend to over-estimate their attractiveness.Some men looking in the mirror may literally not see the flaws in their appearance.
3.Why are women too much more self-critical than men?Because women are judged on their appearance more than men,and standards of female beauty are considerably higher and more inflexible.Women are continually bombarded with images of the inflexible.Women are continually bombarded with images of the"ideal"face.And constant exposure to idealized images of female beauty on TV,magazines and billboards makes exceptional good looks seem normal and anything short of perfection seem abnormal and ugly.It has been estimated that young women now see more images of outstandingly beautiful women in one day than our mothers saw throughout their entire adolescence.
4.Also,most women are trying to achieve the impossible:standards of female beauty have in fact become progressively more unrealistic during the last century.In 1917,the physically perfect woman was about 5 feet 4 inches tall and weighed nearly 10 stone（约140磅）.Even 25 years ago, top models and beauty queens weighed only 8% less than the average woman,now they weigh 23% less.The current media ideal for women is achievable by less than 5% of the female population一and that's just in terms of weight and size.If you want the ideal shape,face,etc, it's probably more like 1%.Women are more self-critical than men because women are judged on their appearance mor than men,and_____.
A:literally not see the flaws in their appearance.
B:1%
C:smile at themselves
D:standards of female beauty are considerably higher and more inflexible
E:progressively more unrealistic
F:5%答案：D解析：本题考查的是对所读材料的大意和主旨的掌握。本段主要讲的是女性对自己的外貌持挑剔态度。
本题考查的是对所读材料的大意和主旨的掌握。本段主要讲的是和女性相比，男性对自己的外貌更为肯定和自信。
本题考查的是对所读材料的大意和主旨的掌握。本段主要讲的是男女之所以对自己的外貌会有如此不同看法的原因。该段第一句即为主题句。
本题考查的是对所读材料的大意和主旨的掌握。本段主要讲的是想成为一位不论是身材还是脸蛋都很“完美”的女性的概率非常之小。该段第一句是本段的主题句。
本题考查的是对阐述文章的主旨事实与细节的了解。依据是第二段最后一句：Some men looking in the mirror may literally not see the flaws in their appearance．有些男性照镜子时甚至看不到自己外貌中的瑕疵。
本题考查的是对阐述文章的主旨事实与细节的了解。依据是第三段第二句：Because women are judged on their appearance more than men,and standards of female beauty are considerably higher and more inflexible．因为和男性相比，人们更多的是用外表来对女性进行判断，女性美的标准也更高，更为恒定不变。
本题考查的是对阐述文章的主旨事实与细节的了解。依据是第四段第一句：Also,most women are trying to achieve the impossible:standards of female beauty have in fact become progressively more unrealistic during the last century．再者，大多数女性努力想要实现不可能的事情：女性美的标准实际上在上个世纪已将变得越来越不切实际。
本题考查的是对阐述文章的主旨事实与细节的了解。依据是最后一段最后一句：If you want the ideal shape , face , etc , it's probably more like 1%. -
第8题：
共用题干
1.All research to date on body image shows that women are much more critical of their appearance than men and much less likely to admire what they see in the mirror. Up to 8 out of 10 women are dissatisfied with their reflection,and more than half may see a distorted image.
2.Men looking in the mirror are more likely to be either pleased with what they see or indifferent. Research shows that men generally have a much more positive body-image than women一if anything,they may tend to over-estimate their attractiveness.Some men looking in the mirror may literally not see the flaws in their appearance.
3.Why are women too much more self-critical than men?Because women are judged on their appearance more than men,and standards of female beauty are considerably higher and more inflexible.Women are continually bombarded with images of the inflexible.Women are continually bombarded with images of the"ideal"face.And constant exposure to idealized images of female beauty on TV,magazines and billboards makes exceptional good looks seem normal and anything short of perfection seem abnormal and ugly.It has been estimated that young women now see more images of outstandingly beautiful women in one day than our mothers saw throughout their entire adolescence.
4.Also,most women are trying to achieve the impossible:standards of female beauty have in fact become progressively more unrealistic during the last century.In 1917,the physically perfect woman was about 5 feet 4 inches tall and weighed nearly 10 stone（约140磅）.Even 25 years ago, top models and beauty queens weighed only 8% less than the average woman,now they weigh 23% less.The current media ideal for women is achievable by less than 5% of the female population一and that's just in terms of weight and size.If you want the ideal shape,face,etc, it's probably more like 1%.Men generally have such a positive body-image that some men looking in the mirn may_______.
A:literally not see the flaws in their appearance.
B:1%
C:smile at themselves
D:standards of female beauty are considerably higher and more inflexible
E:progressively more unrealistic
F:5%答案：A解析：本题考查的是对所读材料的大意和主旨的掌握。本段主要讲的是女性对自己的外貌持挑剔态度。
本题考查的是对所读材料的大意和主旨的掌握。本段主要讲的是和女性相比，男性对自己的外貌更为肯定和自信。
本题考查的是对所读材料的大意和主旨的掌握。本段主要讲的是男女之所以对自己的外貌会有如此不同看法的原因。该段第一句即为主题句。
本题考查的是对所读材料的大意和主旨的掌握。本段主要讲的是想成为一位不论是身材还是脸蛋都很“完美”的女性的概率非常之小。该段第一句是本段的主题句。
本题考查的是对阐述文章的主旨事实与细节的了解。依据是第二段最后一句：Some men looking in the mirror may literally not see the flaws in their appearance．有些男性照镜子时甚至看不到自己外貌中的瑕疵。
本题考查的是对阐述文章的主旨事实与细节的了解。依据是第三段第二句：Because women are judged on their appearance more than men,and standards of female beauty are considerably higher and more inflexible．因为和男性相比，人们更多的是用外表来对女性进行判断，女性美的标准也更高，更为恒定不变。
本题考查的是对阐述文章的主旨事实与细节的了解。依据是第四段第一句：Also,most women are trying to achieve the impossible:standards of female beauty have in fact become progressively more unrealistic during the last century．再者，大多数女性努力想要实现不可能的事情：女性美的标准实际上在上个世纪已将变得越来越不切实际。
本题考查的是对阐述文章的主旨事实与细节的了解。依据是最后一段最后一句：If you want the ideal shape , face , etc , it's probably more like 1%. -
第9题：
Everyone becomes a little more forgetful as they get older, but men's minds decline more than women's, according to the results of a worldwide survey.
Certain differences seem to be inherent in male and female brains: Men are better at maintaining and dealing with mental images (useful in mathematical reasoning and spatial skills ) , while women tend to excel (擅长) at recalling information from their brain's files (helpful with language skills and remembering the locations of objects).
Many studies have looked for a connection between sex and the amount of mental decline ( 衰退) people experience as they age, but the results have been mixed.
Some studies found more age-related decline in men than in women, while others saw the opposite or even no relationship at all between sex and mental decline．Those results could be improper because the studies involved older people, and women live longer than men: The men tested are the survivors, "so they're the ones that may not have shown such cognitive decline," said study team leader Elizabeth of the University of Warwick in England.
People surveyed completed four tasks that tested sex-related cognitive skills: matching an object to its rotated form, matching lines shown from the same angle, typing as many words in a particular category (范畴) as possible in the given time, e.g．"object usually colored gray", and recalling the location of objects in a line drawing．The first two were tasks at which men usually excel; the latter were typically dominated by women.
Within each age group studied, men and women performed better in their separate categories on average．And though performance declined with age for both genders, women showed obviously less decline than men overall.
According to the passage, which of the following can NOT be typed into the same category?A.clouD.
B.sheep
C.trees
D.goose答案：C解析：根据文章第五段People surveyed completed four tasks that tested sex-related cognitive skills：matching an object to its rotated form，matching lines shown from the same angle…推断，以白色为限定范畴可推出选项C为答案。 -
第10题：
Everyone becomes a little more forgetful as they get older, but men's minds decline more than women's, according to the results of a worldwide survey.
Certain differences seem to be inherent in male and female brains: Men are better at maintaining and dealing with mental images (useful in mathematical reasoning and spatial skills ) , while women tend to excel (擅长) at recalling information from their brain's files (helpful with language skills and remembering the locations of objects).
Many studies have looked for a connection between sex and the amount of mental decline ( 衰退) people experience as they age, but the results have been mixed.
Some studies found more age-related decline in men than in women, while others saw the opposite or even no relationship at all between sex and mental decline．Those results could be improper because the studies involved older people, and women live longer than men: The men tested are the survivors, "so they're the ones that may not have shown such cognitive decline," said study team leader Elizabeth of the University of Warwick in England.
People surveyed completed four tasks that tested sex-related cognitive skills: matching an object to its rotated form, matching lines shown from the same angle, typing as many words in a particular category (范畴) as possible in the given time, e.g．"object usually colored gray", and recalling the location of objects in a line drawing．The first two were tasks at which men usually excel; the latter were typically dominated by women.
Within each age group studied, men and women performed better in their separate categories on average．And though performance declined with age for both genders, women showed obviously less decline than men overall.
The author aims to tell us that__________ .A.women's minds perform better than men's
B.men's minds decline more with age
C.everyone becomes a little more forgetful as they get older
D.a survey on human's mind decline was done recently答案：B解析：根据文章开头…but men’s minds decline more than women’s…可知本题答案为B。 -
第11题：
单选题Generally speaking, men play ball games much better than women because ______.Amen play ball games more often than women
Bmen love ball games more than women do
Cmen’s hand and eye movements are quicker in response
Dmen have a smaller number of nerves in their brains than women
正确答案： B解析：
录音中提到“Boys also are generally faster in response than girls of hand and eye movements in ball games”，意思是：通常情况下，男孩子在球类运动中手眼运动反应比女孩子快，所以选项C的表述符合原文意思。 -
第12题：
单选题Which of the following conclusions does information in Paragraph 2 support?AMen are more susceptible to colds than women.
BWomen having babies are more susceptible to colds.
CPeople who live in a cold climate have more colds than those who live in a warm one.
DPeople who don’t have children are more susceptible to colds than those who do in their thirties or forties.
正确答案： A解析：
细节题。第二段第三句提到“especially women, who show a rise in cold infections, because people in this age group are most likely to have young children.”，由此可知有小孩的女性更易患感冒，因此选项B为正确推测。 -
第13题：
The 10-cm radar as compared to a 3-cm radar of similar specifications will ______.
A.be more suitable for river and harbor navigation
B.provide better range performance on low lying targets during good weather and calm seas
C.have a wider horizontal beam width
D.have more sea return during rough sea conditions
正确答案：C
10cm雷达类似规格的3m雷达作比较有更宽的水平波束宽度。 -
第14题：
Dr. Singer thinks men are more suitable to maintain justice and issue punishment than women because _______ .
A. men's brain's empathy centers remained dull when punishment was executed
B. women's pleasure centers were lit up with punishment implemented
C. men have no response when seeing punishment executed
D. men had different experiences from women
正确答案：A
A 推理判断题。Dr. Singer之所以认为男人更适合维持公正、执行惩罚是和其天生的本性有关的，从文章前面可以看出，男人看到惩罚坏人时会有愉悦感，而女人则有一点怜悯感，这就是男人比女人更适合做这些工作的原因。选项A“执行惩罚时神入中心呈迟钝状”，说明这是没有同情的感情在；B“执行惩罚时女人的愉悦中心会发亮”，和文章事实相反；C“男人看到执行惩罚时没有反应”，而文中提到其愉悦中心发亮，有愉悦感；D“男人和女人有不同的经历”。故选A。 -
第15题：
What does the author want to tell us most?
A. Women' s brains are better organized for language and communication
B. Women love to talk because they are more sociable than men.
C. Men do not like talking because they rely more on facts.
D. Social conditioning is not the reason why women love talking.
正确答案：A
-
第16题：
Beauty has always been regarded as something praise worthy. Almost everyone thinks attractive people are happier and healthier, have better marriages and have more respectable occupations. Personal consultants give them better advice for finding jobs. Even judges are softer on attractive defendants (被告). But in the executive circle, beauty can become a liability.
While attractiveness is a positive factor for a man on his way up the executive ladder, it is harmful to a woman.
Handsome male executives were thought as having more integrity than plainer men; effort and ability were thought to account for their success.
Attractive female executives were considered to have less integrity than unattractive ones; their success was attributed not to ability but to factors such as luck.
All unattractive women executives were thought to have more integrity and to be more capable than the attractive female executives. Interestingly, though, the rise of the unattractive overnight successes was attributed more to personal relationships and less to ability than that of attractive overnight successes.
Why are attractive women not thought to be able? An attractive woman is thought to be more feminine and an attractive man more masculine (有男子气概的) than the less attractive ones. Thus, an attractive woman has an advantage in traditionally female jobs, but an attractive woman in a traditionally masculine position appears to lack the "masculine" qualities required.
This is true even in politics. ′When the only clue is how he or she looks, people treat men and women differently,′ says Anne Bowman, who recently published a study on the effects of attractiveness on political candidates. She asked 125 undergraduate students to rank two groups of photographs, one of men and one of women, in order of attractiveness. The students were told the photographs were of candidates for political offices. They were asked to rank them again, in the order they would vote for them.
The results showed that attractive males utterly defeated unattractive men, but the women who had been ranked most attractive invariably received the fewest votes.
In traditionally female jobs, attractiveness___________.A.makes women look more honest and capable
B.strengthens the feminine qualities required
C.is of primary importance to women
D.often enables women to succeed quickly答案：B解析：细节题。根据traditionally female jobs定位到倒数第三段，最后一句“an attractive woman has all advantage in traditionally female jobs…lack the“masculine”qualities required”可见，在传统上由女性所从事的工作中，有魅力的女性具有一定优势；但在传统上由男性所从事的工作中，有魅力的女性看起来缺乏所需要的男性特质；由此推断，在传统上由女性所从事的工作中，魅力加强了所需的女性特质。故选B。A项与文意相反，C项和D项均未在文中体现。 -
第17题：
Text 2 Far from joining the labour force,women have been falling away at an alarming pace.The female employment rate in India,counting both the formal and informal economy,has tumbled from an already-low 35%in 2005 to just 26%now.Yet nearly 1Om fewer women are in jobs.A rise in female employment rates to the male level would provide India with an extra 235m workers,more than the EU has of either gender,and more than enough to fill all the factories in the rest ofAsia.Imagine the repercussions.Were India to rebalance its workforce in this way,the IMF estimates,the world's biggest democracy would be 27%richer.Its people would be well on their way to middle-income status.Beyond the obvious economic benelits are the incalculable human ones.Women who work are likelier to invest more in their children's upbringing,and to have more say over how they lead their lives.Social mores are startlingly conservative.A girl's first task is to persuade her own family that she should have a job.The in-laws she will typically move in with after marriage are even more likely to yank her out of the workforce and into social isolation.In a survey in 2012,84%of Indians agreed that men have more right to work than women when jobs are scarce.Men have taken 90%of the 36m additional jobs in industry India has created since 2005.And those who say that women themselves prefer not to work must contend with plenty of counter-evidence.Census data suggest that a third of stay-at-home women would WOfk ifjobs were available;govemment make-work schemes attract more women than men.What can be done?Many of the standard answers fall short.Promoting education,a time-tested development strategy,may not succeed.Figures show that the more schooling an Indian woman receives,the less likely she is to work,at least if she has anything less than a university degree.Likewise urbanization,another familiar way to alleviate poverty:city-dwelling women are half as likely as rural ones to have a job.An optimist might argue that more women are not working because India is still paying for the sins of the past,when so many of them were illiterate and high fertility rates bound them to the home.Most measures of female welfare are improving.India has many more girls in classrooms and fewer child brides than it once did.In fact,many fear that all that extra schooling was a parental ploy to improve a daughter's prospects not in the labour market but in the arranged-marriage market,part of the all-important quest to snag a suitable boy.A further push is needed to get Indian women what they really need:a suitablejob.
Which ofthe following would be the best title ofthe text?A.Why Indian Women Don't Work
B.Why India Needs Women to Work
C.Why India's Employment Rate Is Low
D.Why India's Employment Rate Declines答案：B解析：主旨大意题。本文主要讲了印度女性就业率低的原因，印度想要平衡劳动力及女性需要工作的原因，故B项为正确选项。【干扰排除】A项，文中说的是印度女性就业率低，而不是不工作；c项是文章的一部分，不能概括文章主旨；D项，原文并未提及印度就业率下降的原因。故均排除。 -
第18题：
共用题干
1.All research to date on body image shows that women are much more critical of their appearance than men and much less likely to admire what they see in the mirror. Up to 8 out of 10 women are dissatisfied with their reflection,and more than half may see a distorted image.
2.Men looking in the mirror are more likely to be either pleased with what they see or indifferent. Research shows that men generally have a much more positive body-image than women一if anything,they may tend to over-estimate their attractiveness.Some men looking in the mirror may literally not see the flaws in their appearance.
3.Why are women too much more self-critical than men?Because women are judged on their appearance more than men,and standards of female beauty are considerably higher and more inflexible.Women are continually bombarded with images of the inflexible.Women are continually bombarded with images of the"ideal"face.And constant exposure to idealized images of female beauty on TV,magazines and billboards makes exceptional good looks seem normal and anything short of perfection seem abnormal and ugly.It has been estimated that young women now see more images of outstandingly beautiful women in one day than our mothers saw throughout their entire adolescence.
4.Also,most women are trying to achieve the impossible:standards of female beauty have in fact become progressively more unrealistic during the last century.In 1917,the physically perfect woman was about 5 feet 4 inches tall and weighed nearly 10 stone（约140磅）.Even 25 years ago, top models and beauty queens weighed only 8% less than the average woman,now they weigh 23% less.The current media ideal for women is achievable by less than 5% of the female population一and that's just in terms of weight and size.If you want the ideal shape,face,etc, it's probably more like 1%.Today the percentage of women who have the ideal shape,face,etc is probably like________.
A:literally not see the flaws in their appearance.
B:1%
C:smile at themselves
D:standards of female beauty are considerably higher and more inflexible
E:progressively more unrealistic
F:5%答案：B解析：本题考查的是对所读材料的大意和主旨的掌握。本段主要讲的是女性对自己的外貌持挑剔态度。
本题考查的是对所读材料的大意和主旨的掌握。本段主要讲的是和女性相比，男性对自己的外貌更为肯定和自信。
本题考查的是对所读材料的大意和主旨的掌握。本段主要讲的是男女之所以对自己的外貌会有如此不同看法的原因。该段第一句即为主题句。
本题考查的是对所读材料的大意和主旨的掌握。本段主要讲的是想成为一位不论是身材还是脸蛋都很“完美”的女性的概率非常之小。该段第一句是本段的主题句。
本题考查的是对阐述文章的主旨事实与细节的了解。依据是第二段最后一句：Some men looking in the mirror may literally not see the flaws in their appearance．有些男性照镜子时甚至看不到自己外貌中的瑕疵。
本题考查的是对阐述文章的主旨事实与细节的了解。依据是第三段第二句：Because women are judged on their appearance more than men,and standards of female beauty are considerably higher and more inflexible．因为和男性相比，人们更多的是用外表来对女性进行判断，女性美的标准也更高，更为恒定不变。
本题考查的是对阐述文章的主旨事实与细节的了解。依据是第四段第一句：Also,most women are trying to achieve the impossible:standards of female beauty have in fact become progressively more unrealistic during the last century．再者，大多数女性努力想要实现不可能的事情：女性美的标准实际上在上个世纪已将变得越来越不切实际。
本题考查的是对阐述文章的主旨事实与细节的了解。依据是最后一段最后一句：If you want the ideal shape , face , etc , it's probably more like 1%. -
第19题：
共用题干
1.All research to date on body image shows that women are much more critical of their appearance than men and much less likely to admire what they see in the mirror. Up to 8 out of 10 women are dissatisfied with their reflection,and more than half may see a distorted image.
2.Men looking in the mirror are more likely to be either pleased with what they see or indifferent. Research shows that men generally have a much more positive body-image than women一if anything,they may tend to over-estimate their attractiveness.Some men looking in the mirror may literally not see the flaws in their appearance.
3.Why are women too much more self-critical than men?Because women are judged on their appearance more than men,and standards of female beauty are considerably higher and more inflexible.Women are continually bombarded with images of the inflexible.Women are continually bombarded with images of the"ideal"face.And constant exposure to idealized images of female beauty on TV,magazines and billboards makes exceptional good looks seem normal and anything short of perfection seem abnormal and ugly.It has been estimated that young women now see more images of outstandingly beautiful women in one day than our mothers saw throughout their entire adolescence.
4.Also,most women are trying to achieve the impossible:standards of female beauty have in fact become progressively more unrealistic during the last century.In 1917,the physically perfect woman was about 5 feet 4 inches tall and weighed nearly 10 stone（约140磅）.Even 25 years ago, top models and beauty queens weighed only 8% less than the average woman,now they weigh 23% less.The current media ideal for women is achievable by less than 5% of the female population一and that's just in terms of weight and size.If you want the ideal shape,face,etc, it's probably more like 1%.During the last century,standards of female beauty have in fact become_______.
A:literally not see the flaws in their appearance.
B:1%
C:smile at themselves
D:standards of female beauty are considerably higher and more inflexible
E:progressively more unrealistic
F:5%答案：E解析：本题考查的是对所读材料的大意和主旨的掌握。本段主要讲的是女性对自己的外貌持挑剔态度。
本题考查的是对所读材料的大意和主旨的掌握。本段主要讲的是和女性相比，男性对自己的外貌更为肯定和自信。
本题考查的是对所读材料的大意和主旨的掌握。本段主要讲的是男女之所以对自己的外貌会有如此不同看法的原因。该段第一句即为主题句。
本题考查的是对所读材料的大意和主旨的掌握。本段主要讲的是想成为一位不论是身材还是脸蛋都很“完美”的女性的概率非常之小。该段第一句是本段的主题句。
本题考查的是对阐述文章的主旨事实与细节的了解。依据是第二段最后一句：Some men looking in the mirror may literally not see the flaws in their appearance．有些男性照镜子时甚至看不到自己外貌中的瑕疵。
本题考查的是对阐述文章的主旨事实与细节的了解。依据是第三段第二句：Because women are judged on their appearance more than men,and standards of female beauty are considerably higher and more inflexible．因为和男性相比，人们更多的是用外表来对女性进行判断，女性美的标准也更高，更为恒定不变。
本题考查的是对阐述文章的主旨事实与细节的了解。依据是第四段第一句：Also,most women are trying to achieve the impossible:standards of female beauty have in fact become progressively more unrealistic during the last century．再者，大多数女性努力想要实现不可能的事情：女性美的标准实际上在上个世纪已将变得越来越不切实际。
本题考查的是对阐述文章的主旨事实与细节的了解。依据是最后一段最后一句：If you want the ideal shape , face , etc , it's probably more like 1%. -
第20题：
Everyone becomes a little more forgetful as they get older, but men's minds decline more than women's, according to the results of a worldwide survey.
Certain differences seem to be inherent in male and female brains: Men are better at maintaining and dealing with mental images (useful in mathematical reasoning and spatial skills ) , while women tend to excel (擅长) at recalling information from their brain's files (helpful with language skills and remembering the locations of objects).
Many studies have looked for a connection between sex and the amount of mental decline ( 衰退) people experience as they age, but the results have been mixed.
Some studies found more age-related decline in men than in women, while others saw the opposite or even no relationship at all between sex and mental decline．Those results could be improper because the studies involved older people, and women live longer than men: The men tested are the survivors, "so they're the ones that may not have shown such cognitive decline," said study team leader Elizabeth of the University of Warwick in England.
People surveyed completed four tasks that tested sex-related cognitive skills: matching an object to its rotated form, matching lines shown from the same angle, typing as many words in a particular category (范畴) as possible in the given time, e.g．"object usually colored gray", and recalling the location of objects in a line drawing．The first two were tasks at which men usually excel; the latter were typically dominated by women.
Within each age group studied, men and women performed better in their separate categories on average．And though performance declined with age for both genders, women showed obviously less decline than men overall.
Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the article?A.Men do better than women when it comes to learning English.
B.Women stand out at remembering people's names.
C.Men excel at typing as many words in a particular category as possible in the given time.
D.Women excel at dealing mathematic problems.答案：B解析：根据第二段Men are better at maintaining and dealing with mental images，while women tend to excel(擅长)at recalling information from their brain’s files．可推出答案为B。 -
第21题：
根据以下材料，回答题
Beauty has always been regarded assomething praise worthy. Almost everyone thinks attractive people are happierand healthier, have better marriages and have more respectable occupations.
Personal consultants give them better advicefor finding jobs. Even judges are softer on attractive defendants (被告). But in the executivecircle, beauty can become a liability.
While attractiveness is a positive factorfor a man on his way up the executive ladder, it is harmful to a woman.
Handsome male executives were thought as havingmore integrity than plainer men; effort and ability were thought to account fortheir success.
Attractive female executives were consideredto have less integrity than unattractive ones; their success was attributed notto ability but to factors such as luck.
All unattractive women executives werethought to have more integrity and to be more capable than the attractivefemale executives. Interestingly, though, the rise of the unattractiveovernight successes was attributed more to personal relationships and less toability than that of attractive overnight successes.
Why are attractive women not thought to beable An attractive woman is thought to be more feminine and an attractive manmore masculine (有男子气概的) than the less attractive ones. Thus, an attractive woman has anadvantage in traditionally female jobs, but an attractive woman in a traditionallymasculine position appears to lack the "masculine" qualitiesrequired.
This is true even in politics. When the only clue is how he or shelooks, people treat men and women differently,′ says Anne Bowman, who recently publisheda study on the effects of attractiveness on political candidates. She asked 125undergraduate students to rank two groups of photographs, one of men and one ofwomen, in order of attractiveness. The students were told the photographs wereof candidates for political offices. They were asked to rank them again, in theorder they would vote for them.
The results showed that attractive malesutterly defeated unattractive men, but the women who had been ranked mostattractive invariably received the fewest votes.
Bowman′s experiment reveals that when itcomes to politics, attractiveness ______.查看材料A.turns out to be an obstacle to men
B.is more of an obstacle than an advantageto women
C.affects men and women alike
D.has as little effect on men as on women答案：B解析：推断题。由文章最后一段可知，有魅力的男性彻底击败了缺乏魅力的男性。而那些被认为最有魅力的女性常常得到最少的选票。由此可推出，在政界，对于女性来说，魅力是一个障碍，而不是优势。故选B。 -
第22题：
Everyone becomes a little more forgetful as they get older, but men's minds decline more than women's, according to the results of a worldwide survey.
Certain differences seem to be inherent in male and female brains: Men are better at maintaining and dealing with mental images (useful in mathematical reasoning and spatial skills ) , while women tend to excel (擅长) at recalling information from their brain's files (helpful with language skills and remembering the locations of objects).
Many studies have looked for a connection between sex and the amount of mental decline ( 衰退) people experience as they age, but the results have been mixed.
Some studies found more age-related decline in men than in women, while others saw the opposite or even no relationship at all between sex and mental decline．Those results could be improper because the studies involved older people, and women live longer than men: The men tested are the survivors, "so they're the ones that may not have shown such cognitive decline," said study team leader Elizabeth of the University of Warwick in England.
People surveyed completed four tasks that tested sex-related cognitive skills: matching an object to its rotated form, matching lines shown from the same angle, typing as many words in a particular category (范畴) as possible in the given time, e.g．"object usually colored gray", and recalling the location of objects in a line drawing．The first two were tasks at which men usually excel; the latter were typically dominated by women.
Within each age group studied, men and women performed better in their separate categories on average．And though performance declined with age for both genders, women showed obviously less decline than men overall.
One important factor that affects the correctness of the results is that__________ .A.the old men tested may not have shown such cognitive decline
B.people surveyed are all olD.
C.people taking part in this test came from all over the worlD.
D.women live longer than men答案：A解析：由第四段的Those results could be improper because the studies involved older people，and women live longer than men…可以推出A正确。 -
第23题：
单选题The “surveys and statistics” mentioned in the last paragraph might have shown that______.Acollege-educated people are more successful than non-college-educated people
Bcollege education was not the first choice for intelligent people
Cthe less schooling one has the better for him
Dmost people have sweet memories of college life
正确答案： C解析：
第三段中指出“也许我们对那些调查统计的看法一直是本末倒置的”，我们总是相信“if a little schooling is good, more has to be much better.”，文章末句又说“与此相反的论据开始多起来了”，于是可知那些调查统计也许一直是被用来肯定高等教育的，故A项正确。