Hawaii is in the （）Ocean.A、AtlanticB、IndianC、Pacific

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When we analyze the salt salinity(盐溶度 ) of ocean waters, we find that it varies only slightly from place to place. Nevertheless, some of these small changes are important. There are three basic processes that cause a change in oceanic salinity. One of these is the subtraction of water from the ocean by means of evaporation. In this manner, the salinity is increased, since the salt stays behind. If this is carried to the extreme, of course, white salt would be left behind; this, by the way, is how much of the table salt we use is actually obtained.
The opposite of evaporation is precipitation, such as rain, by which water is added to the ocean. Here the ocean is being diluted so that the salinity is decreased. This may occur in areas of
high rainfall or in coastal regions where rivers flow into the ocean. Thus salinity may be increased by the subtraction of water by-evaporation, or decreased by the addition of fresh water by precipitation.
Normally, in hot regions where the sun is very strong, the ocean salinity is somewhat higher than it is in other parts of the world where there is not as much evaporation. Similarly, in coastal regions where rivers dilute the sea, salinity is somewhat lower than in other oceanic areas.
A third process by which salinity may be altered is associated with the formation and melting of sea ice. When seawater is frozen, the dissolved materials are left behind. In this manner, seawater directly beneath freshly formed sea ice has a higher salinity than it did before the ice appeared. Of course, when this ice melts, it will tend to decrease the salinity of the surrounding water.
In the Weddell Sea, the densest water in the ocean is formed as a result of this freezing process, which increases the salinity of cold water. This heavy water sinks and is found in the deeper portion of the oceans of the world.

Which of the following is not the cause of the decrease in the oceanic salinity?
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A．Precipitation.
B．Rain and snow.
C．Formation of ice.
D．Addition of water by rivers.

When we analyze the salt salinity (盐浓度) of ocean waters, we find that it varies only slightly from place to place． Nevertheless, some of these small changes are important． There are three basic processes that cause a change in oceanic salinity． One of these is the subtraction of water from the ocean by means of evaporation． In this manner, the salinity is increased, since the salt stays behind． If this is carried to the extreme, of course, white salt would be left behind ; this, by the way,is how much of the table salt we use is actually obtained．
The opposite of evaporation is precipitation, such as rain, by which water is added to the ocean． Here the ocean is being diluted so that the salinity is decreased． This may occur in areas of high rainfall or in coastal regions where rivers flow into the ocean． Thus salinity may be increased by the subtraction of water by evaporation, or decreased by the addition of fresh water by precipitation．
Normally, in hot regions where the sun is very strong, the ocean salinity is somewhat higher than it is in other parts of the world where there is not as much evaporation． similarly, in coastal．
Grandma, who used to live upstairs, is now the voice on long distance, and the working parent is far too beaten down each day to spend evening relaxation time listening to the sandbox experience of an eager four-year-old．
So family conversation is as extinct as my old toys and parental questions such as "What have you been doing, Bobby? " have been replaced by "I 'm busy, go watch television．
And watch TV they do; count them by the millions．
But it's usually not children's television that children watch． Saturday morning, the children's hour, amounts to only about 8 percent of their weekly viewing．
Where are they to be found?Watching adult television, of course, from the Match Game in the morning, to the afternoon at General Hospital, from the muggings and battles on the evening news right through the family hour and past into Starsky and Hutch． That's where you find our kids, over five million of them, at 10 p．m．, not fewer than a million until after midnight! All of this is done with parental permission．
Television, used well, can provide enriching experiences for our young people, but we must use it with some sense． When the carpet is clean, we turn off the vacuum cleaner． When the dishes are clean, the dishwasher turns itself off．
Not so the television, which is on from the sun in the morning to the moon at night and beyond!
Parents must exercise some control and show some concern about the cultural influence on the child when a program not intended for that child is viewed． Parents need to intervene． Nonintervention may be a wise policy in international affairs, but the results of parental nonintervention will not be wise at alL．
From the first two paragraphs one may infer that the writer's attitude towards
"the old days" is ______

A. preferring
B. hating
C. being tired of
D. disappointing

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Mau Piailug,Ocean Navigator
Mau sailed from Hawaii to Tahiti using traditional methods.
In early 1976,Mau Piailug,a fisherman,led an expedition in which he sailed a tradi-tional Polynesian boat across 2,500 miles of ocean from Hawaii to Tahiti.The Polynesian Voyaging Society had organised the expedition.Its purpose was to find out if seafarers（海员） in the distant past could have found their way from one island to the other without naviga-tional instruments,or whether the islands had been populated by accident.At the time,Mau was the only man alive who knew how to navigate just by observing the stars,the wind and the sea.
He had never before sailed to Tahiti,which was a long way to the south.However,he understood how the wind and the sea behave around islands,so he was confident he could find his way.The voyage took him and his crew a month to complete and he did it without a compass or charts.
His grandfather began the task of teaching him how to navigate when he was still a baby.He showed him pools of water on the beach to teach him how the behaviour of the waves and wind changed in different place.Later,Mau used a circle of stones to memorise the positions of the stars.Each stone was laid out in the sand to represent a star.
The voyage proved that Hawaii's first inhabitants came in small boats and navigated by reading the sea and the stars.Mau himself became a keen teacher,passing on his traditional secrets to people of other cultures so that his knowledge would not be lost.He explained the positions of the stars to his students,but he allowed them to write things down because he knew they would never be able to remember everything as he had done.

The first inhabitants of Hawaii could read and write.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

“The ancient Hawaiians were astronomers,”wrote Queen Liliuokalani,Hawaii's last reigning monarch,in 1897.Star watchers were among the most esteemed members of Hawaiian society.Sadly,all is not well with astronomy in Hawaii today.Protests have erupted over construction of the Thirty Meter Telescope（TMT）,a giant observatory that promises to revolutionize humanity's view of the cosmos.At issue is the TMT's planned location on Mauna Kea,a dormant volcano worshiped by some Hawaiians as the piko,that connects the Hawaiian Islands to the heavens.But Mauna Kea is also home to some of the world's most powerful telescopes.Rested in the Pacific Ocean,Mauna Kea's peak rises above the bulk of our planet's dense atmosphere,where conditions allow telescopes to obtain images of unsurpassed clarity.Opposition to telescopes on Mauna Kea is nothing new.A small but vocal group of Hawaiians and environmentalists have long viewed their presence as disrespect far sacred land and a painful reminder of the occupation of what was once a sovereign nation.Some blame for the current controversy belongs to astronomers.In their eagerness to build bigger telescopes,they forgot that science is not the only way of understanding the world.They did not always prioritize the protection of Mauna Kea's fragile ecosystems or its holiness to the islands'inhabitants.Hawaiian culture is not a relic of the past；it is a living culture undergoing a renaissance today.Yet science has a cultural history,too,with roots going back to the dawn of civilization.The same curiosity to find what lies beyond the horizon that first brought early Polynesians to Hawaii's shores inspires astronomers today to explore the heavens.Calls to disassemble all telescopes on Mauna Kea or to ban future development there ignore the reality that astronomy and Hawaiian culture both seek to answer big questions about who we are,where we come from and where we are going.Perhaps that is why we explore the starry skies,as if answering a primal calling to know ourselves and our true ancestral homes.The astronomy community is making compromises to change its use of Mauna Kea.The TMT site was chosen to minimize the telescope’s visibility around the island and to avoid archaeological and environmental impact.To limit the number of telescopes on Mauna Kea,old ones will be removed at the end of their lifetimes and their sites returned to a natural state.There is no reason why everyone cannot be welcomed on Mauna Kea to embrace their cultural heritage and to study the stars.
Mauna Kea is deemed as an ideal astronomical site due to____

A.its geographical features.
B.its protective surroundings.
C.its religious implications.
D.its existing infrastructure.

共用题干
Mau Piailug,Ocean Navigator
Mau sailed from Hawaii to Tahiti using traditional methods.
In early 1976,Mau Piailug,a fisherman,led an expedition in which he sailed a tradi-tional Polynesian boat across 2,500 miles of ocean from Hawaii to Tahiti.The Polynesian Voyaging Society had organised the expedition.Its purpose was to find out if seafarers（海员） in the distant past could have found their way from one island to the other without naviga-tional instruments,or whether the islands had been populated by accident.At the time,Mau was the only man alive who knew how to navigate just by observing the stars,the wind and the sea.
He had never before sailed to Tahiti,which was a long way to the south.However,he understood how the wind and the sea behave around islands,so he was confident he could find his way.The voyage took him and his crew a month to complete and he did it without a compass or charts.
His grandfather began the task of teaching him how to navigate when he was still a baby.He showed him pools of water on the beach to teach him how the behaviour of the waves and wind changed in different place.Later,Mau used a circle of stones to memorise the positions of the stars.Each stone was laid out in the sand to represent a star.
The voyage proved that Hawaii's first inhabitants came in small boats and navigated by reading the sea and the stars.Mau himself became a keen teacher,passing on his traditional secrets to people of other cultures so that his knowledge would not be lost.He explained the positions of the stars to his students,but he allowed them to write things down because he knew they would never be able to remember everything as he had done.

Mau expected his students to remember the positions of the stars immediately.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

共用题干
New Comet Found

There's a newfound comet closing in on the sun,and when it gets here in 2013,you may be able to see it with your naked eye.
Astronomers stumbled upon the icy interloper on June 5 while searching for potentially hazardous asteroids（小行星）.Equipped with the world's largest digital camera , the University of Hawaii's Pan-STARRS team snagged a faint image of the odd object while it was more than 700 million miles away , between the orbits of Jupiter（木星）and Saturn（土星）.
"Almost everything we find is an asteroid,but this object was suspicious,"said Richard Wainscoat,co-discoverer of the comet and an astronomer at the University of Hawaii."Unlike asteroids, which appear point-like in images,the telltale sign that gave it away was its fuzzy appearance."
By March 2013 the comet,named C/2011 L4(PANSTARRS),is expected to come within 30 million miles of the sun一closer even than the innermost（最深处）planet, Mercury（水星）.
When the comet makes its closest approach to the sun,most of its ices will vaporize,adding to its hazy envelope of gas and dust and producing the familiar tail. This denser envelope,or coma, should boost the comet to peak brightness,making it potentially visible to the naked eye low in the western horizon just after sunset.
While there is no danger of collision with Earth,preliminary calculations of the comet's orbit show that this may be its first and final trip through the solar system."It may be coming around the sun for the first and only time,only to be ejected from the solar system,never to return,"Wainscoat said."Since we don't have a lot of data on it,we really don't know the orbit well enough right now, and it will take up to two months of observations to find out."
Astronomers believe C/2011 L4 may be a runaway from the Oort cloud（奥尔特云）,a reservoir of billions of hibernating（蛰伏）comets that orbits about 100,000 times farther than the distance between Earth and the sun.
The fact that it's going around the back of the sun from our point of view may ultimately affect the comet's visibility,but a lot will depend on how close the body actually gets to the sun.Also, whether the comet is north or south of the sun when it reaches peak brightness will determine which hemisphere on Earth gets the better view.

The newfound comet is made from mercury.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentiond